OS command injection in Apache Tomcat
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- High
- Impact type
- Code execution
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- High · High · High
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 4 fixed, 1 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 3.0 · NVD. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-78.
Summary
When running on Windows with enableCmdLineArguments enabled, the CGI Servlet in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.17, 8.5.0 to 8.5.39 and 7.0.0 to 7.0.93 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution due to a bug in the way the JRE passes command line arguments to Windows. The CGI Servlet is disabled by default. The CGI option enableCmdLineArguments is disable by default in Tomcat 9.0.x (and will be disabled by default in all versions in response to this vulnerability). For a detailed explanation of the JRE behaviour, see Markus Wulftange's blog (https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2016/02/java-and-command-line-injections-in-windows.html) and this archived MSDN blog (https://web.archive.org/web/20161228144344/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/twistylittlepassagesallalike/2011/04/23/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way/).
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- None
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Total
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apache | Tomcat | 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.17; 8.5.0 to 8.5.39; 7.0.0 to 7.0.93 | — | No fix listed | CNA |
| — | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) | 9.0.0.M1 to before 9.0.17 | 9.0.17 | Patch available | GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg |
| — | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) | 8.0.0 to before 8.5.40 | 8.5.40 | Patch available | GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg |
| — | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) | 7.0.0 to before 7.0.94 | 7.0.94 | Patch available | GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg |
- Tomcat VendorApache Affected 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.17; 8.5.0 to 8.5.39; 7.0.0 to 7.0.93 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 9.0.0.M1 to before 9.0.17 Fixed in 9.0.17 Patch available GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg
- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 8.0.0 to before 8.5.40 Fixed in 8.5.40 Patch available GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg
- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 7.0.0 to before 7.0.94 Fixed in 7.0.94 Patch available GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg
CPE configurations NVD · 28
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | 7.0.0 – 7.0.93; 8.5.0 – 8.5.39; 9.0.1 – 9.0.17 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone1 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone10 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone11:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone11 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone12:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone12 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone13:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone13 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone14:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone14 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone15:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone15 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone16:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone16 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone17:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone17 | Vulnerable | Apache |
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 7.0.0 – 7.0.93; 8.5.0 – 8.5.39; 9.0.1 – 9.0.17 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone1 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone10 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone11:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone11 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone12:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone12 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone13:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone13 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone14:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone14 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone15:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone15 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone16:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone16 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone17:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone17 Vulnerable ·Apache
Show 18 more CPE
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone18:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone18 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone19:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone19 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone2 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone20:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone20 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone21:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone21 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone22:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone22 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone23:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone23 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone24:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone24 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone25:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone25 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone26:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone26 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone3 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone4 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone5:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone5 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone6:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone6 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone7:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone7 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone8:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone8 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone9:*:*:*:*:*:* | 9.0.0 milestone9 | Vulnerable | Apache |
| cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | not specified by NVD | Running on | Microsoft |
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone18:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone18 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone19:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone19 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone2 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone20:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone20 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone21:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone21 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone22:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone22 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone23:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone23 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone24:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone24 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone25:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone25 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone26:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone26 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone3 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone4 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone5 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone6 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone7:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone7 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone8:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone8 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone9:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 milestone9 Vulnerable ·Apache
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions not specified by NVD Running on ·Microsoft
Remediation
- Fix · GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 9.0.17 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 8.5.40 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 7.0.94 Advisory →
Red Hat 2 advisories
- RHSA-2019:3929 Released 2019-11-20 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 security release
- Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 for RHEL 6 Server jws5-ecj-4.12.0-1.redhat_1.1.el6jws, jws5-javapackages-tools-3.4.1-5.15.11.el6jws, jws5-jboss-logging-3.3.2-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el6jws +16
- Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 for RHEL 7 Server jws5-ecj-4.12.0-1.redhat_1.1.el7jws, jws5-javapackages-tools-3.4.1-5.15.11.el7jws, jws5-jboss-logging-3.3.2-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el7jws +16
- Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 for RHEL 8 jws5-ecj-4.12.0-1.redhat_1.1.el8jws, jws5-javapackages-tools-3.4.1-5.15.11.el8jws, jws5-jboss-logging-3.3.2-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8jws +16
- RHSA-2019:1712 Released 2019-07-09 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat JBoss Web Server 3.1 Service Pack 7 security and bug fix update
- Red Hat JBoss Web Server 3.1
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Web Server 2 | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
| Red Hat JBoss Web Server 3.1 | Fixed | RHSA-2019:1712 |
| Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 for RHEL 6 Server | Fixed | RHSA-2019:3929 |
| Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 for RHEL 7 Server | Fixed | RHSA-2019:3929 |
| Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.2 for RHEL 8 | Fixed | RHSA-2019:3929 |
Not affected: 18 products
- Red Hat BPM Suite 6
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- Red Hat Fuse 7
- Red Hat JBoss BRMS 5
- Red Hat JBoss BRMS 6
- Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 6
- Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 7
- Red Hat JBoss Data Virtualization 6
- Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 5
- Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 6
- Red Hat JBoss Fuse 6
- Red Hat JBoss Fuse Service Works 6
- Red Hat JBoss Operations Network 3
- Red Hat JBoss SOA Platform 5
- Red Hat OpenShift Application Runtimes
- Red Hat Software Collections
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2019-0232
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg
- 2026-11-02 CISA SSVC decision points changed
References
Advisory 5
- RHSA-2019:1712
- https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2016/02/java-and-command-line-injections-in-windows.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20161228144344/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/twistylittlepassagesallalike/2011/04/23/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way/
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190419-0001/
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0232
Other 49
- [tomcat-users] 20190410 [SECURITY] CVE-2019-0232 Apache Tomcat Remote Code Execution on Windows
- [tomcat-dev] 20190415 svn commit: r1857582 [18/22] - in /tomcat/site/trunk: docs/ xdocs/stylesheets/
- [ofbiz-commits] 20190415 svn commit: r1857587 - in /ofbiz: ofbiz-framework/branches/release18.12/build.gradle ofbiz-plugins/branches/release18.12/example/build.gradle
- [tomcat-dev] 20190415 svn commit: r1857582 [17/22] - in /tomcat/site/trunk: docs/ xdocs/stylesheets/
- [ofbiz-commits] 20190415 svn commit: r1857586 - in /ofbiz: ofbiz-framework/trunk/build.gradle ofbiz-plugins/trunk/example/build.gradle
- [tomcat-dev] 20190415 svn commit: r1857582 [19/22] - in /tomcat/site/trunk: docs/ xdocs/stylesheets/
- [ofbiz-commits] 20190415 svn commit: r1857588 - in /ofbiz: ofbiz-framework/branches/release17.12/build.gradle ofbiz-plugins/branches/release17.12/example/build.gradle
- [ofbiz-notifications] 20190415 [jira] [Commented] (OFBIZ-10920) Update Tomcat to 9.0.18 due to CVE-2019-0232
- [ofbiz-notifications] 20190415 [jira] [Closed] (OFBIZ-10920) Update Tomcat to 9.0.18 due to CVE-2019-0232
- [tomcat-dev] 20190421 svn commit: r1857901 - in /tomcat/site/trunk: docs/security-7.html docs/security-8.html docs/security-9.html xdocs/security-7.xml xdocs/security-8.xml xdocs/security-9.xml
- 20190504 RCE in CGI Servlet - Apache Tomcat on Windows - CVE-2019-0232
- [announce] 20200131 Apache Software Foundation Security Report: 2019
- [tomcat-dev] 20200203 svn commit: r1873527 [24/30] - /tomcat/site/trunk/docs/
- [tomcat-dev] 20200203 svn commit: r1873527 [25/30] - /tomcat/site/trunk/docs/
- [tomcat-dev] 20200213 svn commit: r1873980 [27/34] - /tomcat/site/trunk/docs/
- [tomcat-dev] 20200213 svn commit: r1873980 [28/34] - /tomcat/site/trunk/docs/
- [tomcat-dev] 20200213 svn commit: r1873980 [29/34] - /tomcat/site/trunk/docs/
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html
- https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html
- https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2019-5072832.html
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html
- https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_17
- https://www.broadcom.com/support/fibre-channel-networking/security-advisories/brocade-security-advisory-2019-784
- https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/uncovering-cve-2019-0232-a-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-apache-tomcat/
- https://wwws.nightwatchcybersecurity.com/2019/04/30/remote-code-execution-rce-in-cgi-servlet-apache-tomcat-on-windows-cve-2019-0232/
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153506/Apache-Tomcat-CGIServlet-enableCmdLineArguments-Remote-Code-Execution.html
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb800a816d0a51eccc5a228c58736960a9fffafa581a225834d97d@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c1444845fe15a823e1374674bfc297d5008a5453788099ea14caf0@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4e849bc77df0840c7f853f6bd09d426f6741247da2b7429d5d9@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6d03e45b81eab03580cf7f8bb51cb3e9a1b10a2cc0c6a2d3cc92ed0c@%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff5b13e4f1941360b5a309efee2c114a14855578c3a2cbe5d19c@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fabaf4d56d4325ab2aca8814f0b30a237ab83d8106b115ee279a@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190419-0001
- https://web.archive.org/web/20161228144344/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/twistylittlepassagesallalike/2011/04/23/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way
- https://web.archive.org/web/20200227030103/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107906
- https://wwws.nightwatchcybersecurity.com/2019/04/30/remote-code-execution-rce-in-cgi-servlet-apache-tomcat-on-windows-cve-2019-0232
- https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/uncovering-cve-2019-0232-a-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-apache-tomcat
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/1dd0a59c1295cc08ce4c9e7edae5ad2268acc9ba55adcefa0532e5ba@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/3d19773b4cf0377db62d1e9328bf9160bf1819f04f988315086931d7@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/52ffb9fbf661245386a83a661183d13f1de2e5779fa23837a08e02ac@%3Ccommits.ofbiz.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/5f297a4b9080b5f65a05bc139596d0e437d6a539b25e31d29d028767@%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/673b6148d92cd7bc99ea2dcf85ad75d57da44fc322d51f37fb529a2a@%3Ccommits.ofbiz.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af47120905aa7d8fe12f42e8ff2284fb338ba141d3b77b8c7cb61b3@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/96849486813a95dfd542e1618b7923ca945508aaf4a4341f674d83e3@%3Cnotifications.ofbiz.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/a6c87a09a71162fd563ab1c4e70a08a103e0b7c199fc391f1c9c4c35@%3Ccommits.ofbiz.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/dd4b325cdb261183dbf5ce913c102920a8f09c26dae666a98309165b@%3Cnotifications.ofbiz.apache.org%3E
- https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/f4d48b32ef2b6aa49c8830241a9475da5b46e451f964b291c7a0a715@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
More Apache Tomcat vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-18529 Apache Tomcat: Potential RCE and/or information disclosure and/or information corruption with partial PUT KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
- TI-2020-01862 Improper privilege management in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2016-07192 Improper access control in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2017-09342 Unrestricted file upload in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
- TI-2017-09340 Unrestricted file upload in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
- TI-2026-26741 Apache Tomcat: Fix for CVE-2026-29146 allowed bypass of EncryptInterceptor KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
Sources
- CVE-2019-0232 · CVE Program
- CVE-2019-0232 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-8vmx-qmch-mpqg · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2019-0232 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences