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TI-2023-04070 Aliases CVE-2023-4408GHSA-x57x-3c65-5f3j

Parsing large DNS messages may cause excessive CPU load

Priority LOW 36CWE-407Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 33 fixed, 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-407.

Summary

The DNS message parsing code in `named` includes a section whose computational complexity is overly high. It does not cause problems for typical DNS traffic, but crafted queries and responses may cause excessive CPU load on the affected `named` instance by exploiting this flaw. This issue affects both authoritative servers and recursive resolvers. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.0.0 through 9.16.45, 9.18.0 through 9.18.21, 9.19.0 through 9.19.19, 9.9.3-S1 through 9.11.37-S1, 9.16.8-S1 through 9.16.45-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.21-S1.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.01387 72nd percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Red Hat: 15 advisoriesRed Hat: 33 fixed, 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
ISCBIND 99.0.0 – 9.16.45; 9.18.0 – 9.18.21; 9.19.0 – 9.19.19; 9.9.3-S1 – 9.11.37-S1; 9.16.8-S1 – 9.16.45-S1; 9.18.11-S1 – 9.18.21-S1—No fix listedCNA
  • BIND 9 VendorISC Affected 9.0.0 – 9.16.45; 9.18.0 – 9.18.21; 9.19.0 – 9.19.19; 9.9.3-S1 – 9.11.37-S1; 9.16.8-S1 – 9.16.45-S1; 9.18.11-S1 – 9.18.21-S1 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 18

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:netapp:ontap:9.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.14.1VulnerableNetApp
cpe:2.3:a:netapp:ontap:9.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.15.1VulnerableNetApp
cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*38VulnerableFedoraproject
cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:39:*:*:*:*:*:*:*39VulnerableFedoraproject
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*9.0.0 – 9.16.45; 9.18.0 – 9.18.21; 9.19.0 – 9.19.19VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.9.3:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.9.3 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.8:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.8 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.11:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.11 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.12:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.12 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.13:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.13 s1VulnerableISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:ontap:9.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.14.1 Vulnerable ·NetApp
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:ontap:9.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.15.1 Vulnerable ·NetApp
  • cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 38 Vulnerable ·Fedoraproject
  • cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:39:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 39 Vulnerable ·Fedoraproject
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 – 9.16.45; 9.18.0 – 9.18.21; 9.19.0 – 9.19.19 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.9.3:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.9.3 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.8:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.8 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.11:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.11 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.12:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.12 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.13:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.13 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
Show 8 more CPE
CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.14:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.14 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.21:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.21 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.32:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.32 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.36:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.36 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.43:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.16.43 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.18.0:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.18.0 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.18.11:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.18.11 s1VulnerableISC
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.18.18:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:*9.18.18 s1VulnerableISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.14:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.14 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.21:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.21 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.32:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.32 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.36:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.36 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.16.43:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.16.43 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.18.0:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.18.0 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.18.11:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.18.11 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC
  • cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:9.18.18:s1:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* Versions 9.18.18 s1 Vulnerable ·ISC

Remediation

Red Hat 15 advisories

  • RHSA-2025:0039 Released 2025-01-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and bind-dyndb-ldap security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server -EXTENSION(v. 6 ELS-EXTENSION) bind-32:9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.14, bind-chroot-32:9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.14, bind-dyndb-ldap-2.3-8.el6_10.1 +2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional -EXTENSION (v. 6 ELS -EXTENSION) bind-devel-32:9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.14, bind-sdb-32:9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.14
  • RHSA-2024:3741 Released 2024-06-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind, bind-dyndb-ldap, and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client (v. 7) bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-libs-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 +7
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client Optional (v. 7) bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-chroot-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 +11
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux ComputeNode Optional (v. 7) bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-chroot-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 +11
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7) bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-chroot-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-dyndb-ldap-11.1-7.el7_9.1 +17
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7) bind-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16.ppc, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation (v. 7) bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-chroot-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-dyndb-ldap-11.1-7.el7_9.1 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation Optional (v. 7) bind-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16, bind-lite-devel-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 +4
  • RHSA-2024:3271 Released 2024-05-22 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) bind-32:9.11.36-14.el8_10, bind-chroot-32:9.11.36-14.el8_10, bind-devel-32:9.11.36-14.el8_10 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) bind-32:9.11.36-14.el8_10, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.36-14.el8_10, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.36-14.el8_10
Show 12 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2024:2890 Released 2024-05-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2) bind-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.7, bind-chroot-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.7, bind-devel-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.7 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v. 8.2) bind-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.7, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.7, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.7 +6
  • RHSA-2024:2821 Released 2024-05-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-chroot-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-devel-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4) bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-chroot-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-devel-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4) bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-chroot-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-devel-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4) bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4 +6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.4) bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4 +6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.4) bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.4 +6
  • RHSA-2024:2721 Released 2024-05-07 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.8) bind-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.4, bind-chroot-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.4, bind-devel-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.4 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.8.8) bind-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.4, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.4, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.4 +6
  • RHSA-2024:2720 Released 2024-05-07 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.6) bind-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.7, bind-chroot-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.7, bind-devel-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.7 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.8.6) bind-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.7, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.7, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.7 +6
  • RHSA-2024:2551 Released 2024-04-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) bind-32:9.16.23-18.el9_4.1, bind-chroot-32:9.16.23-18.el9_4.1, bind-dnssec-doc-32:9.16.23-18.el9_4.1 +6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 9) bind-devel-32:9.16.23-18.el9_4.1, bind-doc-32:9.16.23-18.el9_4.1, bind-libs-32:9.16.23-18.el9_4.1
  • RHSA-2024:1803 Released 2024-04-15 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and bind-dyndb-ldap security updates
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.2) bind-devel-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.4, bind-doc-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.4, bind-libs-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.2) bind-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.4, bind-chroot-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.4, bind-dnssec-doc-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.4 +6
  • RHSA-2024:1800 Released 2024-04-15 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and bind-dyndb-ldap security updates
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.0) bind-devel-32:9.16.23-1.el9_0.5, bind-libs-32:9.16.23-1.el9_0.5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.0) bind-32:9.16.23-1.el9_0.5, bind-chroot-32:9.16.23-1.el9_0.5, bind-dnssec-doc-32:9.16.23-1.el9_0.5 +6
  • RHSA-2024:1782 Released 2024-04-12 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind and dhcp security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) bind-32:9.11.36-11.el8_9.1, bind-chroot-32:9.11.36-11.el8_9.1, bind-devel-32:9.11.36-11.el8_9.1 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) bind-32:9.11.36-11.el8_9.1, bind-export-devel-32:9.11.36-11.el8_9.1, bind-export-libs-32:9.11.36-11.el8_9.1
  • RHSA-2024:1789 Released 2024-04-11 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) bind-devel-32:9.16.23-14.el9_3.4, bind-doc-32:9.16.23-14.el9_3.4, bind-libs-32:9.16.23-14.el9_3.4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) bind-32:9.16.23-14.el9_3.4, bind-chroot-32:9.16.23-14.el9_3.4, bind-dnssec-doc-32:9.16.23-14.el9_3.4 +6
  • RHSA-2024:1781 Released 2024-04-11 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind9.16 security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 8) bind9.16-devel-32:9.16.23-0.16.el8_9.2, bind9.16-doc-32:9.16.23-0.16.el8_9.2, bind9.16-libs-32:9.16.23-0.16.el8_9.2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) bind9.16-32:9.16.23-0.16.el8_9.2, bind9.16-chroot-32:9.16.23-0.16.el8_9.2, bind9.16-dnssec-utils-32:9.16.23-0.16.el8_9.2 +4
  • RHSA-2024:1648 Released 2024-04-02 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind9.16 security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.8.8) bind9.16-devel-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.4, bind9.16-doc-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.4, bind9.16-libs-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.8) bind9.16-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.4, bind9.16-chroot-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.4, bind9.16-dnssec-utils-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.4 +4
  • RHSA-2024:1647 Released 2024-04-02 · Red Hat rating Important
    bind9.16 security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.8.6) bind9.16-devel-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.5, bind9.16-dnssec-utils-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.5, bind9.16-doc-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.5 +2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.6) bind9.16-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.5, bind9.16-chroot-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.5, bind9.16-libs-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.5 +2

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2024:1781
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2024:1789
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2024:1647
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2024:1648
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2024:1800
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2024:1803
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2024:1781, RHSA-2024:1782, RHSA-2024:3271
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2024:1789, RHSA-2024:2551
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2)Fixed RHSA-2024:2890
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2024:2821
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2024:2821
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2024:1647, RHSA-2024:2720
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2024:1648, RHSA-2024:2721
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2024:1800
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2024:1803
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2024:2821
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2024:1782, RHSA-2024:3271
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v. 8.2)Fixed RHSA-2024:2890
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2024:2821
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2024:2821
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2024:2720
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2024:2721
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2024:2821
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2024:2551
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client Optional (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux ComputeNode Optional (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server -EXTENSION(v. 6 ELS-EXTENSION)Fixed RHSA-2025:0039
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional -EXTENSION (v. 6 ELS -EXTENSION)Fixed RHSA-2025:0039
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation Optional (v. 7)Fixed RHSA-2024:3741
Not affected: 2 products
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8)

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2023-4408
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-x57x-3c65-5f3j

References

Advisory 7

  • TI-2015-04610 Assertion failure in ISC BIND named via TKEY queries KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2023-27571 Certain DNSSEC aspects of the DNS protocol (in RFC 4033, 4034, 4035, 6840, and related… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2021-07476 A second vulnerability in BIND's GSSAPI security policy negotiation can be targeted by a buffer overflow attack CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2023-27773 The Closest Encloser Proof aspect of the DNS protocol (in RFC 5155 when RFC 9276 guidance… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2020-06910 A logic error in code which checks TSIG validity can be used to trigger an assertion failure in tsig.c CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2016-02320 buffer.c in named in ISC BIND 9 before 9.9.9-P3, 9.10.x before 9.10.4-P3, and 9.11.x… CVSS 3.0HIGH 7.5
See all 192 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences