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TI-2023-25099 Aliases CVE-2023-46589GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76

Apache Tomcat: HTTP request smuggling via malformed trailer headers

Priority MEDIUM 44CWE-444Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
—
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · High · None
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 13 fixed, 3 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat.

Summary

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M10, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.15, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.82 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.95 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A trailer header that exceeded the header size limit could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M11 onwards, 10.1.16 onwards, 9.0.83 onwards or 8.5.96 onwards, which fix the issue.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.02651 85th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven): 11.0.0-M11, 10.1.16, 9.0.83 +1org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven): 11.0.0-M11, 10.1.16, 9.0.83 +1+1 more productRed Hat: 10 advisoriesRed Hat: 13 fixed, 3 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
ApacheApache Tomcat11.0.0-M1 – 11.0.0-M10; 10.1.0-M1 – 10.1.15; 9.0.0-M1 – 9.0.82; 8.5.0 – 8.5.95—No fix listedCNA
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)11.0.0-M1 to before 11.0.0-M1111.0.0-M11Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)10.1.0-M1 to before 10.1.1610.1.16Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)9.0.0-M1 to before 9.0.839.0.83Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)8.5.0 to before 8.5.968.5.96Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)11.0.0-M1 to before 11.0.0-M1111.0.0-M11Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)10.1.0-M1 to before 10.1.1610.1.16Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)9.0.0-M1 to before 9.0.839.0.83Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)8.5.0 to before 8.5.968.5.96Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote (Maven)11.0.0-M1 to before 11.0.0-M1111.0.0-M11Patch availableGHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • Apache Tomcat VendorApache Affected 11.0.0-M1 – 11.0.0-M10; 10.1.0-M1 – 10.1.15; 9.0.0-M1 – 9.0.82; 8.5.0 – 8.5.95 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 11.0.0-M1 to before 11.0.0-M11 Fixed in 11.0.0-M11 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 10.1.0-M1 to before 10.1.16 Fixed in 10.1.16 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 9.0.0-M1 to before 9.0.83 Fixed in 9.0.83 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 8.5.0 to before 8.5.96 Fixed in 8.5.96 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 11.0.0-M1 to before 11.0.0-M11 Fixed in 11.0.0-M11 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 10.1.0-M1 to before 10.1.16 Fixed in 10.1.16 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 9.0.0-M1 to before 9.0.83 Fixed in 9.0.83 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 8.5.0 to before 8.5.96 Fixed in 8.5.96 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote (Maven) Vendor— Affected 11.0.0-M1 to before 11.0.0-M11 Fixed in 11.0.0-M11 Patch available GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76

CPE configurations NVD · 11

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.5.0 to before 8.5.96; 9.0.0 to before 9.0.83; 10.1.0 to before 10.1.16VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone1VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone10VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone2VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone3VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone4VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone5:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone5VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone6:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone6VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone7:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone7VulnerableApache
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone8:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone8VulnerableApache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.5.0 to before 8.5.96; 9.0.0 to before 9.0.83; 10.1.0 to before 10.1.16 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone1 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone10 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone2 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone3 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone4 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone5 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone6 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone7:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone7 Vulnerable ·Apache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone8:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone8 Vulnerable ·Apache
Show 1 more CPE
CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone9:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0.0 milestone9VulnerableApache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:11.0.0:milestone9:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0.0 milestone9 Vulnerable ·Apache

Remediation

  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 11.0.0-M11 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 10.1.16 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 9.0.83 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 8.5.96 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 11.0.0-M11 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 10.1.16 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 9.0.83 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 8.5.96 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote (Maven) Fixed in 11.0.0-M11 Advisory →

Red Hat 10 advisories

  • RHSA-2025:7497 Released 2025-05-13 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) tomcat-1:10.1.36-1.el10_0, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:10.1.36-1.el10_0, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:10.1.36-1.el10_0 +5
  • RHSA-2024:3354 Released 2024-05-23 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Fuse 7.13.0 release and security update
    • Red Hat Fuse 7.13.0
  • RHSA-2024:1325 Released 2024-03-18 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.0.1 release and security update
    • JWS 6.0.1
Show 7 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2024:1324 Released 2024-03-18 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.0.1 release and security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.0 for RHEL 8 jws6-tomcat-10.1.8-6.redhat_00013.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-admin-webapps-10.1.8-6.redhat_00013.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-docs-webapp-10.1.8-6.redhat_00013.1.el8jws +7
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.0 for RHEL 9 jws6-tomcat-10.1.8-6.redhat_00013.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-admin-webapps-10.1.8-6.redhat_00013.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-docs-webapp-10.1.8-6.redhat_00013.1.el9jws +7
  • RHSA-2024:1318 Released 2024-03-18 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7.8 release and security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 7 Server jws5-tomcat-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el7jws +10
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 8 jws5-tomcat-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el8jws +8
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 9 jws5-tomcat-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp-9.0.62-41.redhat_00020.1.el9jws +8
  • RHSA-2024:1319 Released 2024-03-18 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7.8 release and security update
    • JWS 5.7.8
  • RHSA-2024:1134 Released 2024-03-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) tomcat-1:9.0.62-37.el9_3.2, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.62-37.el9_3.2, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.62-37.el9_3.2 +5
  • RHSA-2024:1092 Released 2024-03-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.2) tomcat-1:9.0.62-11.el9_2.4, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.62-11.el9_2.4, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.62-11.el9_2.4 +5
  • RHSA-2024:0539 Released 2024-01-29 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) tomcat-1:9.0.62-27.el8_9.3, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.62-27.el8_9.3, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.62-27.el8_9.3 +5
  • RHSA-2024:0532 Released 2024-01-29 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.8) tomcat-1:9.0.62-5.el8_8.3, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.62-5.el8_8.3, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.62-5.el8_8.3 +5

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Decision Manager 7AffectedNo fix planned: Will not fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Process Automation 7AffectedNo fix planned: Will not fix
JWS 5.7.8Fixed RHSA-2024:1319
JWS 6.0.1Fixed RHSA-2024:1325
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:7497
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2024:0539
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2024:1134
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2024:0532
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2024:1092
Red Hat Fuse 7.13.0Fixed RHSA-2024:3354
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 7 ServerFixed RHSA-2024:1318
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2024:1318
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2024:1318
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.0 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2024:1324
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.0 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2024:1324
Not affected: 19 products
  • A-MQ Clients 2
  • Red Hat AMQ Broker 7
  • Red Hat Data Grid 8
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • Red Hat Integration Camel K 1
  • Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 7
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 6
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 7 Server
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 8
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.7 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat OpenShift Application Runtimes
  • Red Hat Single Sign-On 7
  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 3
  • Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8
  • streams for Apache Kafka

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2023-46589
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76

References

Advisory 3

Other 12

  • TI-2025-18529 Apache Tomcat: Potential RCE and/or information disclosure and/or information corruption with partial PUT KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2020-01862 Improper privilege management in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2016-07192 Improper access control in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2017-09342 Unrestricted file upload in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
  • TI-2017-09340 Unrestricted file upload in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
  • TI-2026-26741 Apache Tomcat: Fix for CVE-2026-29146 allowed bypass of EncryptInterceptor KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
See all 273 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences