The json-jwt (aka JSON::JWT) gem 1.16.3 for Ruby sometimes allows bypass of identity…
Priority HIGH 72CWE-284Published · Updated
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Local
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- Security bypass
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- High · High · High
- Fix status
- Fixed
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-284.
Summary
The json-jwt (aka JSON::JWT) gem 1.16.3 for Ruby sometimes allows bypass of identity checks via a sign/encryption confusion attack. For example, JWE can sometimes be used to bypass JSON::JWT.decode.
Why it matters now
Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00231 14th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD
Fix Fixed json-jwt (RubyGems): 1.16.6, 1.15.3.1
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Total
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | — | all versions | — | No fix listed | CNA |
| — | json-jwt (RubyGems) | 1.16.0 to before 1.16.6 | 1.16.6 | Patch available | GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6 |
| — | json-jwt (RubyGems) | before 1.15.3.1 | 1.15.3.1 | Patch available | GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6 |
- — Vendor— Affected all versions Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
- json-jwt (RubyGems) Vendor— Affected 1.16.0 to before 1.16.6 Fixed in 1.16.6 Patch available GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6
- json-jwt (RubyGems) Vendor— Affected before 1.15.3.1 Fixed in 1.15.3.1 Patch available GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6
CPE configurations NVD · 1
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:json-jwt_project:json-jwt:1.16.3:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:* | 1.16.3 | Vulnerable | Json-jwt Project |
- cpe:2.3:a:json-jwt_project:json-jwt:1.16.3:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:* Versions 1.16.3 Vulnerable ·Json-jwt Project
Remediation
- Fix · GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6 json-jwt (RubyGems) Fixed in 1.16.6 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6 json-jwt (RubyGems) Fixed in 1.15.3.1 Advisory →
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
Not affected: 1 product
- Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2023-51774
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6
References
Other 6
- https://github.com/nov/json-jwt/issues/120
- https://github.com/nov/json-jwt/issues/121
- https://github.com/nov/json-jwt/commit/593ea8bcaf2629048bad8c036191f2da0a2e713c
- https://github.com/nov/json-jwt/commit/9c4d842a9465bd7960570ca326c3de79b4abc9d0
- https://github.com/nov/json-jwt
- https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/json-jwt/CVE-2023-51774.yml
More Json-jwt Project Json-jwt vulnerabilities
- TI-2019-13583 The json-jwt gem before 1.11.0 for Ruby lacks an element count during the splitting of a JWE string. CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2018-15937 Nov json-jwt version >= 0.5.0 && < 1.9.4 contains a CWE-347: Improper Verification of… CVSS 3.0MEDIUM 5.3
Sources
- CVE-2023-51774 · CVE Program
- CVE-2023-51774 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-c8v6-786g-vjx6 · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2023-51774 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
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