bpf, arm64: Fixed a BTI error on returning to patched function
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Local
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- —
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · High
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 3 fixed, 1 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · NVD. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat.
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, arm64: Fixed a BTI error on returning to patched function When BPF_TRAMP_F_CALL_ORIG is set, BPF trampoline uses BLR to jump back to the instruction next to call site to call the patched function. For BTI-enabled kernel, the instruction next to call site is usually PACIASP, in this case, it's safe to jump back with BLR. But when the call site is not followed by a PACIASP or bti, a BTI exception is triggered. Here is a fault log: Unhandled 64-bit el1h sync exception on CPU0, ESR 0x0000000034000002 -- BTI CPU: 0 PID: 263 Comm: test_progs Tainted: GF Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) pstate: 40400805 (nZcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=-c) pc : bpf_fentry_test1+0xc/0x30 lr : bpf_trampoline_6442573892_0+0x48/0x1000 sp : ffff80000c0c3a50 x29: ffff80000c0c3a90 x28: ffff0000c2e6c080 x27: 0000000000000000 x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: 0000000000000050 x23: 0000000000000000 x22: 0000ffffcfd2a7f0 x21: 000000000000000a x20: 0000ffffcfd2a7f0 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000ffffcfd2a7f0 x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000 x11: 0000000000000000 x10: ffff80000914f5e4 x9 : ffff8000082a1528 x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0101010101010101 x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 00000000fffffff2 x3 : 0000000000000001 x2 : ffff8001f4b82000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000001 Kernel panic - not syncing: Unhandled exception CPU: 0 PID: 263 Comm: test_progs Tainted: GF Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Call trace: dump_backtrace+0xec/0x144 show_stack+0x24/0x7c dump_stack_lvl+0x8c/0xb8 dump_stack+0x18/0x34 panic+0x1cc/0x3ec __el0_error_handler_common+0x0/0x130 el1h_64_sync_handler+0x60/0xd0 el1h_64_sync+0x78/0x7c bpf_fentry_test1+0xc/0x30 bpf_fentry_test1+0xc/0x30 bpf_prog_test_run_tracing+0xdc/0x2a0 __sys_bpf+0x438/0x22a0 __arm64_sys_bpf+0x30/0x54 invoke_syscall+0x78/0x110 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x6c/0x1d0 do_el0_svc+0x38/0xe0 el0_svc+0x30/0xd0 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x1ac/0x1b0 el0t_64_sync+0x1a0/0x1a4 Kernel Offset: disabled CPU features: 0x0000,00034c24,f994fdab Memory Limit: none And the instruction next to call site of bpf_fentry_test1 is ADD, not PACIASP: <bpf_fentry_test1>: bti c nop nop add w0, w0, #0x1 paciasp For BPF prog, JIT always puts a PACIASP after call site for BTI-enabled kernel, so there is no problem. To fix it, replace BLR with RET to bypass the branch target check.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
Not available: CISA has not published SSVC decision points for this record.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 6.0 and later | 6.1.25, 6.2.12, 6.3 | Patch available | CNA |
- Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.0 and later Fixed in 6.1.25, 6.2.12, 6.3 Patch available CNA
CPE configurations NVD · 7
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.0 to before 6.1.25; 6.2 to before 6.2.12 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.3 rc1 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.3 rc2 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.3 rc3 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.3 rc4 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.3 rc5 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.3 rc6 | Vulnerable | Linux |
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.0 to before 6.1.25; 6.2 to before 6.2.12 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.3 rc1 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.3 rc2 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.3 rc3 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.3 rc4 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.3 rc5 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.3:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.3 rc6 Vulnerable ·Linux
Remediation
- Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.1.25, 6.2.12, 6.3
Red Hat 2 advisories
- RHSA-2023:6583 Released 2023-11-07 · Red Hat rating Importantkernel security, bug fix, and enhancement update
- Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, libperf-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3 +11
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) bpftool-7.2.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-64k-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3 +29
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) kernel-rt-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3 +9
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-362.8.1.el9_3 +11
- RHSA-2023:2458 Released 2023-05-09 · Red Hat rating Importantkernel security, bug fix, and enhancement update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2 +10
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) bpftool-7.0.0-284.11.1.el9_2, kernel-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2 +29
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 9) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Low. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2023:2458 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2023:2458 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2023:2458 |
Not affected: 4 products
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2023-53634
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-826h-69x5-63pc
References
More Linux Kernel vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
- TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
- TI-2021-05514 Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.3
Sources
- CVE-2023-53634 · CVE Program
- CVE-2023-53634 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-826h-69x5-63pc · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2023-53634 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
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