Read the docs
TI-2024-16288 Aliases CVE-2024-24771

Open Forms potential multi-factor authentication bypass

Priority LOW 35CWE-284Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High
Impact type
Security bypass
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · None
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-284.

Summary

Open Forms allows users create and publish smart forms. Versions prior to 2.2.9, 2.3.7, 2.4.5, and 2.5.2 contain a non-exploitable multi-factor authentication weakness. Superusers who have their credentials (username + password) compromised could potentially have the second-factor authentication bypassed if an attacker somehow managed to authenticate to Open Forms. The maintainers of Open Forms do not believe it is or has been possible to perform this login. However, if this were possible, the victim's account may be abused to view (potentially sensitive) submission data or have been used to impersonate other staff accounts to view and/or modify data. Three mitigating factors to help prevent exploitation include: the usual login page (at `/admin/login/`) does not fully log in the user until the second factor was succesfully provided; the additional non-MFA protected login page at `/api/v2/api-authlogin/` was misconfigured and could not be used to log in; and there are no additional ways to log in. This also requires credentials of a superuser to be compromised to be exploitable. Versions 2.2.9, 2.3.7, 2.4.5, and 2.5.2 contain the following patches to address these weaknesses: Move and only enable the API auth endpoints (`/api/v2/api-auth/login/`) with `settings.DEBUG = True`. `settings.DEBUG = True` is insecure and should never be applied in production settings. Additionally, apply a custom permission check to the hijack flow to only allow second-factor-verified superusers to perform user hijacking.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00599 48th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed open-forms (open-formulieren): 2.2.9, 2.3.7, 2.4.4 +1

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
open-formulierenopen-formsbefore 2.2.9; 2.3.0-alpha.0 to before 2.3.7; 2.4.0-alpha.0 to before 2.4.4; 2.5.0-alpha.0 to before 2.5.22.2.9, 2.3.7, 2.4.4, 2.5.2Patch availableCNA
  • open-forms Vendoropen-formulieren Affected before 2.2.9; 2.3.0-alpha.0 to before 2.3.7; 2.4.0-alpha.0 to before 2.4.4; 2.5.0-alpha.0 to before 2.5.2 Fixed in 2.2.9, 2.3.7, 2.4.4, 2.5.2 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:maykinmedia:open_forms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 2.2.9; 2.3.0 to before 2.3.7; 2.4.0 to before 2.4.5; 2.5.0 to before 2.5.2Vulnerableopen-formulieren
  • cpe:2.3:a:maykinmedia:open_forms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 2.2.9; 2.3.0 to before 2.3.7; 2.4.0 to before 2.4.5; 2.5.0 to before 2.5.2 Vulnerable ·open-formulieren

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA open-forms (open-formulieren) Fixed in 2.2.9, 2.3.7, 2.4.4, 2.5.2

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2024-24771

References

  • TI-2022-13086 Insufficient content-type validation for uploaded files in open-forms CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.6
  • TI-2022-13085 Open Redirect in open-forms CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.1
  • TI-2026-22997 Open Forms possible to view submission details of other people than intended CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.5
  • TI-2025-39905 Open Forms prefill data in read-only components can be tampered CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 4.3

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences