Versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble from 0 and before 4.1.0 are vulnerable…
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- High
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Impact type
- —
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · None
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 1 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat.
Summary
Versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble from 0 and before 4.1.0 are vulnerable to External Control of File Name or Path via the include tag. A high privileged attacker can access sensitive local files by crafting malicious notification templates that leverage this tag to include files like /etc/passwd or /proc/1/environ. Workaround This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling the include macro in Pebble Templates: java new PebbleEngine.Builder() .registerExtensionCustomizer(new DisallowExtensionCustomizerBuilder() .disallowedTokenParserTags(List.of("include")) .build()) .build();
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | io.pebbletemplates:pebble | before 4.1.0 | 4.1.0 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | io.pebbletemplates:pebble (Maven) | up to 3.2.3 | — | No fix listed | GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx |
- io.pebbletemplates:pebble Vendor— Affected before 4.1.0 Fixed in 4.1.0 Patch available CNA
- io.pebbletemplates:pebble (Maven) Vendor— Affected up to 3.2.3 Fixed in — No fix listed GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx
CPE configurations NVD · 1
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:pebbletemplates:pebble_templates:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | before 4.1.0 | Vulnerable | Pebbletemplates |
- cpe:2.3:a:pebbletemplates:pebble_templates:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 4.1.0 Vulnerable ·Pebbletemplates
Remediation
- Fix · CNA io.pebbletemplates:pebble Fixed in 4.1.0
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
Not affected: 3 products
- Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7
- Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8
- Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-1686
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx
References
Patch 2
Advisory 2
More Pebbletemplates Pebble Templates vulnerabilities
- TI-2022-17546 Pebble Templates 3.1.5 allows attackers to bypass a protection mechanism and implement… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2019-14347 Pebble Templates 3.1.2 allows attackers to bypass a protection mechanism (intended to… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
Sources
- CVE-2025-1686 · CVE Program
- CVE-2025-1686 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-p75g-cxfj-7wrx · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2025-1686 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences