TI-2025-03932 Aliases CVE-2025-4412 GHSA-496p-vfhp-58hp

TCC Bypass via Dylib Loading in Viscosity.app

LOW 21CWE-276Published 2025-05-27 · Updated 2025-06-06

Key facts

Attack vector: Local
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Attack requirements: None
Impact type: —
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: Low · Low · None
Fix status: No fix listed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA.

Summary

On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitlements such as access to the camera or microphone. Only user-granted permissions for file resources apply. Access to other resources beyond granted-permissions requires user interaction with a system prompt asking for permission. This issue was fixed in version 1.11.5 of Viscosity.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.00161 5th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Fix No fix listed No fixed version in the sources yet

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: None
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
SparkLabs	Viscosity	up to 1.11.4	—	No fix listed	CNA

Viscosity VendorSparkLabs Affected up to 1.11.4 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA

Remediation

No fixed version listed by the sources yet.

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-4412
2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-496p-vfhp-58hp

References

Advisory 1

https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/05/tcc-bypass/

Other 1

https://www.sparklabs.com/viscosity/

TI-2012-03664 A Privilege Escalation vulnerability exists in Viscosity 1.4.1 on Mac OS X due to a path… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2017-14189 Viscosity DLL untrusted search path CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
TI-2020-04244 Viscosity 1.8.2 on Windows and macOS allows an unprivileged user to set a subset of… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.8

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences