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TI-2025-04446 Aliases CVE-2025-4960GHSA-m9vq-r8xh-f85j

macOS Local Privilege Escalation via Improper Authorization Handling in EPSON Printer Controller Installer

Priority HIGH 69CWE-863Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Security bypass
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
No fix listed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-863.

Summary

The com.epson.InstallNavi.helper tool, deployed with the EPSON printer driver installer, contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability due to multiple flaws in its implementation. It fails to properly authenticate clients over the XPC protocol and does not correctly enforce macOS’s authorization model, exposing privileged functionality to untrusted users. Although it invokes the AuthorizationCopyRights API, it does so using overly permissive custom rights that it registers in the system’s authorization database (/var/db/auth.db). These rights can be requested and granted by the authorization daemon to any local user, regardless of privilege level. As a result, an attacker can exploit the vulnerable service to perform privileged operations such as executing arbitrary commands or installing system components without requiring administrative credentials.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00139 3rd percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix No fix listed No fixed version in the sources yet

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
SEIKO EPSON CORPORATIONEPSON Printer Controller Installerup to 1.0.0—No fix listedCNA
  • EPSON Printer Controller Installer VendorSEIKO EPSON CORPORATION Affected up to 1.0.0 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA

Remediation

No fixed version listed by the sources yet.

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-4960
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-m9vq-r8xh-f85j

References

Other 2

  • TI-2023-06693 Epson Stylus SX510W Printer Remote Power Off DoS CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2020-19199 EPSON EasyMP Network Projection 2.81 - 'EMP_NSWLSV' Unquoted Service Path CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.5
  • TI-2020-19119 EPSON 1.124 - 'seksmdb.exe' Unquoted Service Path CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.5
  • TI-2020-19110 EPSON Status Monitor 3 'EPSON_PM_RPCV4_06' - Unquoted Service Path CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.5
  • TI-2018-04055 Cross-site scripting in SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION Epson AirPrint CVSS 3.0MEDIUM 6.1
  • TI-2026-19138 Missing authentication in SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION ESC/POS CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
See all 42 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences