Vault Login MFA Bypass of Rate Limiting and TOTP Code Reuse
Priority LOW 26CWE-307Published · Updated
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- Required
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- Security bypass
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- High · None · None
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 4 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-307.
Summary
Vault and Vault Enterprise’s (“Vault”) login MFA rate limits could be bypassed and TOTP tokens could be reused. Fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.20.1 and Vault Enterprise 1.20.1, 1.19.7, 1.18.12, and 1.16.23.
Why it matters now
Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00376 31st percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Vault (HashiCorp): 1.20.1Vault Enterprise (HashiCorp): 1.20.1+1 more productRed Hat: 4 without a fix
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- None
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HashiCorp | Vault | 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 | 1.20.1 | Patch available | CNA |
| HashiCorp | Vault Enterprise | 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 | 1.20.1 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | github.com/hashicorp/vault (Go) | 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 | 1.20.1 | Patch available | GHSA-v6r4-35f9-9rpw |
- Vault VendorHashiCorp Affected 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 Fixed in 1.20.1 Patch available CNA
- Vault Enterprise VendorHashiCorp Affected 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 Fixed in 1.20.1 Patch available CNA
- github.com/hashicorp/vault (Go) Vendor— Affected 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 Fixed in 1.20.1 Patch available GHSA-v6r4-35f9-9rpw
CPE configurations NVD · 4
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:* | 1.10.0 to before 1.16.23 | Vulnerable | HashiCorp |
| cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* | 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 | Vulnerable | HashiCorp |
| cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:* | 1.17.0 to before 1.18.12; 1.19.0 to before 1.19.7 | Vulnerable | HashiCorp |
| cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:1.20.0:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:* | 1.20.0 | Vulnerable | HashiCorp |
- cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:* Versions 1.10.0 to before 1.16.23 Vulnerable ·HashiCorp
- cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* Versions 1.10.0 to before 1.20.1 Vulnerable ·HashiCorp
- cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:* Versions 1.17.0 to before 1.18.12; 1.19.0 to before 1.19.7 Vulnerable ·HashiCorp
- cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:1.20.0:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:* Versions 1.20.0 Vulnerable ·HashiCorp
Remediation
- Fix · CNA Vault (HashiCorp) Fixed in 1.20.1
- Fix · CNA Vault Enterprise (HashiCorp) Fixed in 1.20.1
- Fix · GHSA-v6r4-35f9-9rpw github.com/hashicorp/vault (Go) Fixed in 1.20.1 Advisory →
Fixed in the same release
Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.
- Release ·
HashiCorp Vault, Vault Enterprise 1.20.1
6 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 1 MEDIUM, 5 LOW
Other records, highest priority first
- TI-2025-05421 Arbitrary Remote Code Execution via Plugin Catalog AbusePriority MEDIUM 43
- TI-2025-05454 Vault Certificate Auth Method Did Not Validate Common Name For Non-CA CertificatesPriority LOW 32
- TI-2025-05425 Vault Userpass and LDAP User Lockout BypassPriority LOW 30
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
| Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
| cert-manager Operator for Red Hat OpenShift | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| external secrets operator for Red Hat OpenShift - Tech Preview | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-6015
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-v6r4-35f9-9rpw
References
More HashiCorp Vault vulnerabilities
- TI-2024-01904 Vault Cert Auth Method Did Not Correctly Validate Non-CA Certificates CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2022-19053 An issue was discovered in HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise before 1.11.3. CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
- TI-2020-17874 The official vault docker images before 0.11.6 contain a blank password for a root user. CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2020-10142 HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise 1.4.0 and 1.4.1, when configured with the GCP… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-04407 Vault Vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery in ACME Challenge Validation via Attacker-Controlled DNS CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.6
- TI-2025-05421 Arbitrary Remote Code Execution via Plugin Catalog Abuse CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
Sources
- CVE-2025-6015 · CVE Program
- CVE-2025-6015 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-v6r4-35f9-9rpw · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2025-6015 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences