TI-2025-09141 Aliases CVE-2025-9961 GHSA-mrm5-v7mh-6mmq

Authenticated RCE by CWMP binary

HIGH 72CWE-120Published 2025-09-06 · Updated 2026-02-26

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: High
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Attack requirements: None
Impact type: Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: High · High · High
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-120 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500. The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack. This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.11466 96th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Fix Fixed AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6 (TP-Link Systems Inc.): 1.2.1AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6 (TP-Link Systems Inc.): 1.3.11

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: Poc
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
TP-Link	AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6	before 1.2.1	1.2.1	Patch available	CNA
TP-Link	AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6	before 1.3.11	1.3.11	Patch available	CNA

AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6 VendorTP-Link Affected before 1.2.1 Fixed in 1.2.1 Patch available CNA
AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6 VendorTP-Link Affected before 1.3.11 Fixed in 1.3.11 Patch available CNA

Remediation

Fix · CNA AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6 (TP-Link Systems Inc.) Fixed in 1.2.1
Fix · CNA AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6 (TP-Link Systems Inc.) Fixed in 1.3.11

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-9961
2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-mrm5-v7mh-6mmq

References

Patch 2

Advisory 1

https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/

Other 1

https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679

TI-2023-16571 TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, and TL-WR740N V1/V2 was discovered to contain… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
TI-2023-01313 Command injection in TP-Link Archer AX21 KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
TI-2020-14907 TP-Link TL-WA855RE V5 20200415-rel37464 devices allow an unauthenticated attacker (on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
TI-2025-08589 Authenticated RCE via Parental Control command injection KEVCVSS 4.0HIGH 8.6
TI-2015-02672 Directory traversal vulnerability in TP-LINK Archer C5 (1.2) with firmware before 150317… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2023-27456 Authentication bypass by spoofing in TP-Link TL-WR841N KEVCVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.5

See all 636 →

Sources

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