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TI-2025-12037 Aliases CVE-2025-13166GHSA-xwj5-m236-f9hp

Username Enumeration via SMS OTP Flow in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery

Priority LOW 17CWE-203Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High
Impact type
Information disclosure
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
Low · None · None
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-203.

Summary

The SMS OTP flow fails to adequately handle error messages, allowing an attacker to infer the existence of registered user accounts based on the responses received during the OTP initiation process. This weakness can be exploited by an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system. The impact is amplified for accounts that have not configured a mobile number, as the enumeration is specifically tied to this condition. The discovery of these usernames can facilitate subsequent brute force attacks, social engineering attempts, and information leakage, potentially leading to reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and regulatory non-compliance.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00269 19th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed WSO2 Identity Server (WSO2): 7.1.0.40, 7.2.0.2

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.40; 7.2.0 to before 7.2.0.27.1.0.40, 7.2.0.2Patch availableCNA
  • WSO2 Identity Server VendorWSO2 Affected 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.40; 7.2.0 to before 7.2.0.2 Fixed in 7.1.0.40, 7.2.0.2 Patch available CNA

CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1

Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*——WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·WSO2

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Identity Server (WSO2) Fixed in 7.1.0.40, 7.2.0.2

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-13166
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-xwj5-m236-f9hp

References

Advisory 1

  • TI-2026-04755 Authentication Bypass via JWT Algorithm Mismatch in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Account Takeover KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2022-11928 Certain WSO2 products allow unrestricted file upload with resultant remote code execution. KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2022-18808 An issue was discovered in WSO2 Enterprise Integrator 6.4.0. CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.1
  • TI-2020-15069 The Management Console in WSO2 API Manager through 3.1.0 and API Microgateway 2.2.0… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
  • TI-2023-15163 A reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in /authenticationendpoint/login.do… CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.1
  • TI-2022-04130 WSO2 carbon-registry Advanced Search advancedSearchForm-ajaxprocessor.jsp cross site scripting CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.1
See all 186 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences