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TI-2025-16018 Aliases CVE-2025-22069GHSA-jxfc-qg7h-gw67

riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler

Priority LOW 33CWE-668Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
—
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA.

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler Naresh Kamboju reported a "Bad frame pointer" kernel warning while running LTP trace ftrace_stress_test.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the same issue with the following command: ``` $ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing $ echo 'f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval' > dynamic_events $ echo 1 > events/fprobes/enable $ echo 1 > tracing_on $ sleep 1 ``` And we can get the following kernel warning: [ 127.692888] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 127.693755] Bad frame pointer: expected ff2000000065be50, received ba34c141e9594000 [ 127.693755] from func do_nanosleep return to ffffffff800ccb16 [ 127.698699] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 129 at kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.699894] Modules linked in: [ 127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32 [ 127.701453] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) [ 127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.702032] ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10 [ 127.702221] gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000 [ 127.702284] t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80 [ 127.702346] s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1 : ffffffff81894f20 [ 127.702408] a2 : 0000000000000010 a3 : fffffffffffffffe a4 : 0000000000000000 [ 127.702470] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000008 a7 : 0000000000000038 [ 127.702530] s2 : ba34c141e9594000 s3 : 0000000000000000 s4 : ff2000000065bdd0 [ 127.702591] s5 : 00007fff8adcf400 s6 : 000055556dc1d8c0 s7 : 0000000000000068 [ 127.702651] s8 : 00007fff8adf5d10 s9 : 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001 [ 127.702710] s11: 00005555737377c8 t3 : ffffffff819d899e t4 : ffffffff819d899e [ 127.702769] t5 : ffffffff819d89a0 t6 : ff2000000065bb18 [ 127.702826] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: 0000000000000000 cause: 0000000000000003 [ 127.703292] [<ffffffff8013b5e0>] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.703760] [<ffffffff80017bce>] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26 [ 127.704009] [<ffffffff80017bb8>] return_to_handler+0x0/0x26 [ 127.704057] [<ffffffff800d3352>] common_nsleep+0x42/0x54 [ 127.704117] [<ffffffff800d44a2>] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a [ 127.704176] [<ffffffff80901c56>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x188/0x218 [ 127.704295] [<ffffffff8090cc3e>] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156 [ 127.705436] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- The reason is that the stack layout for constructing argument for the ftrace_return_to_handler in the return_to_handler does not match the __arch_ftrace_regs structure of riscv, leading to unexpected results.

Why it matters now

EPSS 0.00212 11th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed Linux (Linux): 6.12.92, 6.14.2, 6.15

SSVC decision points

Not available: CISA has not published SSVC decision points for this record.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
LinuxLinux6.12.75 to before 6.12.926.12.92Patch availableCNA
LinuxLinux6.14 and later6.12.92, 6.14.2, 6.15Patch availableCNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.12.75 to before 6.12.92 Fixed in 6.12.92 Patch available CNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.14 and later Fixed in 6.12.92, 6.14.2, 6.15 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*6.14 to before 6.14.2VulnerableLinux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.14 to before 6.14.2 Vulnerable ·Linux

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.12.92
  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.12.92, 6.14.2, 6.15

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Low. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Not affected: 5 products
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-22069
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-jxfc-qg7h-gw67
  3. 2026-11-07 Affected versions changed · Red Hat

References

  • TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2021-05514 Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.3
See all 15278 →

Sources