TI-2025-18655 Aliases CVE-2025-24975

Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External

LOW 39CWE-754Published 2025-08-15 · Updated 2025-08-20

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: —
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: High · High · High
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · NVD. Fix status from CNA.

Summary

Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.0059 48th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Public exploit Yes 2 exploit referencesTagged by NVD

Fix Fixed firebird (FirebirdSQL): 6.0.0.609, 5.0.2.1610, 4.0.6.3183

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: None
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
FirebirdSQL	firebird	before 6.0.0.609; before 5.0.2.1610; before 4.0.6.3183	6.0.0.609, 5.0.2.1610, 4.0.6.3183	Patch available	CNA

firebird VendorFirebirdSQL Affected before 6.0.0.609; before 5.0.2.1610; before 4.0.6.3183 Fixed in 6.0.0.609, 5.0.2.1610, 4.0.6.3183 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPE	Versions	Role	Vendor
cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird::::::::	4.0.0 to before 4.0.6; 5.0.0 to before 5.0.2	Vulnerable	FirebirdSQL

cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 4.0.0 to before 4.0.6; 5.0.0 to before 5.0.2 Vulnerable ·FirebirdSQL

Remediation

Fix · CNA firebird (FirebirdSQL) Fixed in 6.0.0.609, 5.0.2.1610, 4.0.6.3183

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Not affected: 1 product

Red Hat

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-24975

References

Exploit 2

TI-2026-22559 Firebird Null Pointer Dereference via CryptCallback causes DOS CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.2
TI-2026-22234 Firebird has Pre-Auth DOS when Processing Out of Order CNCT_specific_data Segments CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.2
TI-2026-27368 Firebird: DoS via malicious slice descriptor in slice packet CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2026-26527 Firebird: DoS via `op_response` packet from client CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2026-25747 Firebird has a buffer overflow when parsing corrupted slice packets CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2026-22547 Firebird has potential server crash via null pointer dereference when processing op_slice packet CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5

See all 45 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences