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TI-2025-22813 Aliases CVE-2025-31651GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr

Apache Tomcat: Bypass of rules in Rewrite Valve

Priority MEDIUM 56CWE-116Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
—
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 24 fixed, 4 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat.

Summary

Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. For a subset of unlikely rewrite rule configurations, it was possible for a specially crafted request to bypass some rewrite rules. If those rewrite rules effectively enforced security constraints, those constraints could be bypassed. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.5, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.39, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.102. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version [FIXED_VERSION], which fixes the issue.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.04263 91st percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven): 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven): 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6Red Hat: 19 advisoriesRed Hat: 24 fixed, 4 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
ApacheApache Tomcat11.0.0-M1 – 11.0.5; 10.1.0-M1 – 10.1.39; 9.0.0.M1 – 9.0.102; 8.5.0 – 8.5.100—No fix listedCNA
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)9.0.76 to before 9.0.1049.0.104Patch availableGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)10.1.10 to before 10.1.4010.1.40Patch availableGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)11.0.0-M2 to before 11.0.611.0.6Patch availableGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)9.0.76 to before 9.0.1049.0.104Patch availableGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)10.1.10 to before 10.1.4010.1.40Patch availableGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)11.0.0-M2 to before 11.0.611.0.6Patch availableGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven)8.5.0 – 8.5.100—No fix listedGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
—org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven)8.5.0 – 8.5.100—No fix listedGHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • Apache Tomcat VendorApache Affected 11.0.0-M1 – 11.0.5; 10.1.0-M1 – 10.1.39; 9.0.0.M1 – 9.0.102; 8.5.0 – 8.5.100 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 9.0.76 to before 9.0.104 Fixed in 9.0.104 Patch available GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 10.1.10 to before 10.1.40 Fixed in 10.1.40 Patch available GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 11.0.0-M2 to before 11.0.6 Fixed in 11.0.6 Patch available GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 9.0.76 to before 9.0.104 Fixed in 9.0.104 Patch available GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 10.1.10 to before 10.1.40 Fixed in 10.1.40 Patch available GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 11.0.0-M2 to before 11.0.6 Fixed in 11.0.6 Patch available GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Vendor— Affected 8.5.0 – 8.5.100 Fixed in — No fix listed GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Vendor— Affected 8.5.0 – 8.5.100 Fixed in — No fix listed GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.0.0 to before 9.0.104; 10.1.0 to before 10.1.40; 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6VulnerableApache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0.0 to before 9.0.104; 10.1.0 to before 10.1.40; 11.0.0 to before 11.0.6 Vulnerable ·Apache

Remediation

  • Fix · GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 9.0.104 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 10.1.40 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina (Maven) Fixed in 11.0.6 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 9.0.104 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 10.1.40 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core (Maven) Fixed in 11.0.6 Advisory →

Red Hat 19 advisories

  • RHSA-2026:2726 Released 2026-02-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    pki-deps:10.6 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.src::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-lang-2.6-21.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6 +47
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.src::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-lang-2.6-21.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6 +47
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.src::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-lang-2.6-21.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6 +47
  • RHSA-2026:2724 Released 2026-02-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    pki-deps:10.6 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.src::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-lang-2.6-21.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6 +47
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.src::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-lang-2.6-21.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6 +47
  • RHSA-2026:2725 Released 2026-02-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    pki-deps:10.6 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2) apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-collections-3.2.2-10.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.src::pki-deps:10.6, apache-commons-lang-2.6-21.module+el8.1.0+3366+6dfb954c.noarch::pki-deps:10.6 +47
Show 16 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2026:0293 Released 2026-01-08 · Red Hat rating Important
    pki-servlet-engine security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) pki-servlet-4.0-api-1:9.0.50-1.el9_2.3, pki-servlet-engine-1:9.0.50-1.el9_2.3
  • RHSA-2026:0292 Released 2026-01-08 · Red Hat rating Important
    pki-servlet-engine security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) pki-servlet-4.0-api-1:9.0.43-4.el9_0.2, pki-servlet-engine-1:9.0.43-4.el9_0.2
  • RHSA-2025:23048 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) tomcat-1:9.0.87-1.el8_10.7, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-1.el8_10.7, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-1.el8_10.7 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23044 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) tomcat-1:9.0.87-3.el9_6.4, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-3.el9_6.4, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-3.el9_6.4 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23049 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) tomcat-1:9.0.87-6.el9_7.1, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-6.el9_7.1, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-6.el9_7.1 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23047 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) tomcat-1:9.0.87-1.el9_4.7, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-1.el9_4.7, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-1.el9_4.7 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23046 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) tomcat-1:9.0.87-1.el9_2.7, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-1.el9_2.7, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-1.el9_2.7 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23045 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) tomcat-1:9.0.87-1.el8_8.8, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-1.el8_8.8, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-1.el8_8.8 +5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) tomcat-1:9.0.87-1.el8_8.8, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-1.el8_8.8, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-1.el8_8.8 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23050 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) tomcat-1:10.1.36-3.el10_1.1, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:10.1.36-3.el10_1.1, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:10.1.36-3.el10_1.1 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23052 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat9 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) tomcat9-1:9.0.87-8.el10_1.1, tomcat9-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-8.el10_1.1, tomcat9-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-8.el10_1.1 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23053 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat9 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) tomcat9-1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.4, tomcat9-admin-webapps-1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.4, tomcat9-docs-webapp-1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.4 +5
  • RHSA-2025:23051 Released 2025-12-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    tomcat security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) tomcat-1:10.1.36-1.el10_0.3, tomcat-admin-webapps-1:10.1.36-1.el10_0.3, tomcat-docs-webapp-1:10.1.36-1.el10_0.3 +5
  • RHSA-2025:22925 Released 2025-12-09 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8.6 release and security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 7 Server jws5-tomcat-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el7jws +9
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 8 jws5-tomcat-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el8jws +7
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 9 jws5-tomcat-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp-9.0.87-14.redhat_00013.1.el9jws +7
  • RHSA-2025:22924 Released 2025-12-09 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8.6 release and security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8.6
  • RHSA-2025:19809 Released 2025-11-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1.3 release and security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 10 jws6-tomcat-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el10jws, jws6-tomcat-admin-webapps-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el10jws, jws6-tomcat-docs-webapp-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el10jws +7
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 8 jws6-tomcat-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-admin-webapps-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-docs-webapp-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el8jws +7
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 9 jws6-tomcat-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-admin-webapps-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-docs-webapp-10.1.36-19.redhat_00018.1.el9jws +7
  • RHSA-2025:19810 Released 2025-11-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1.3 release and security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1.3

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Low. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8AffectedNo fix yet: Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:23050, RHSA-2025:23052
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2025:23048
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:23049
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:2725
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:2724
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:2726
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:2726
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2025:23045
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:0292
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:23046, RHSA-2026:0293
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:23051, RHSA-2025:23053
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23047
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:23044
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:2724
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:2726
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2025:23045
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 7 ServerFixed RHSA-2025:22925
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2025:22925
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2025:22925
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8.6Fixed RHSA-2025:22924
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 10Fixed RHSA-2025:19809
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2025:19809
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2025:19809
Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1.3Fixed RHSA-2025:19810

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-31651
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr
  3. 2026-10-09 Fix available: RHSA-2025:19810 · Red Hat
  4. 2026-11-06 Fix available: Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1.3 · Red Hat

References

Advisory 3

Other 9

  • TI-2025-18529 Apache Tomcat: Potential RCE and/or information disclosure and/or information corruption with partial PUT KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2020-01862 Improper privilege management in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2016-07192 Improper access control in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2017-09342 Unrestricted file upload in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
  • TI-2017-09340 Unrestricted file upload in Apache Tomcat KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
  • TI-2026-26741 Apache Tomcat: Fix for CVE-2026-29146 allowed bypass of EncryptInterceptor KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
See all 273 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences