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TI-2025-25304 Aliases CVE-2025-37958GHSA-vp64-5qr9-m88v

mm/huge_memory: fix dereferencing invalid pmd migration entry

Priority LOW 24CWE-476Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 23 fixed, 3 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · NVD. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-476.

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/huge_memory: fix dereferencing invalid pmd migration entry When migrating a THP, concurrent access to the PMD migration entry during a deferred split scan can lead to an invalid address access, as illustrated below. To prevent this invalid access, it is necessary to check the PMD migration entry and return early. In this context, there is no need to use pmd_to_swp_entry and pfn_swap_entry_to_page to verify the equality of the target folio. Since the PMD migration entry is locked, it cannot be served as the target. Mailing list discussion and explanation from Hugh Dickins: "An anon_vma lookup points to a location which may contain the folio of interest, but might instead contain another folio: and weeding out those other folios is precisely what the "folio != pmd_folio((*pmd)" check (and the "risk of replacing the wrong folio" comment a few lines above it) is for." BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffea60001db008 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 2199114 Comm: tee Not tainted 6.14.0+ #4 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:split_huge_pmd_locked+0x3b5/0x2b60 Call Trace: <TASK> try_to_migrate_one+0x28c/0x3730 rmap_walk_anon+0x4f6/0x770 unmap_folio+0x196/0x1f0 split_huge_page_to_list_to_order+0x9f6/0x1560 deferred_split_scan+0xac5/0x12a0 shrinker_debugfs_scan_write+0x376/0x470 full_proxy_write+0x15c/0x220 vfs_write+0x2fc/0xcb0 ksys_write+0x146/0x250 do_syscall_64+0x6a/0x120 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e The bug is found by syzkaller on an internal kernel, then confirmed on upstream.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00228 13th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Linux (Linux): 5.4.295, 5.10.239, 5.15.186 +5Red Hat: 7 advisoriesRed Hat: 23 fixed, 3 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
LinuxLinux4.14 and later5.4.295, 5.10.239, 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.95, 6.12.29, 6.14.7, 6.15Patch availableCNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 4.14 and later Fixed in 5.4.295, 5.10.239, 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.95, 6.12.29, 6.14.7, 6.15 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 7

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*4.14 to before 5.4.295; 5.5 to before 5.10.239; 5.11 to before 5.15.186; 5.16 to before 6.1.142; 6.2 to before 6.6.95; 6.7 to before 6.12.29; 6.13 to before 6.14.7VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*6.15 rc1VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*6.15 rc2VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*6.15 rc3VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*6.15 rc4VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*6.15 rc5VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0VulnerableDebian
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 4.14 to before 5.4.295; 5.5 to before 5.10.239; 5.11 to before 5.15.186; 5.16 to before 6.1.142; 6.2 to before 6.6.95; 6.7 to before 6.12.29; 6.13 to before 6.14.7 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.15 rc1 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.15 rc2 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.15 rc3 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.15 rc4 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.15 rc5 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0 Vulnerable ·Debian

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 5.4.295, 5.10.239, 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.95, 6.12.29, 6.14.7, 6.15

Red Hat 7 advisories

  • RHSA-2025:13135 Released 2025-08-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, libperf-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4 +11
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4) bpftool-7.3.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4 +29
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-427.81.1.el9_4 +11
  • RHSA-2025:12525 Released 2025-08-04 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt-5.14.0-70.140.1.rt21.212.el9_0, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-70.140.1.rt21.212.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-70.140.1.rt21.212.el9_0 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt-5.14.0-70.140.1.rt21.212.el9_0, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-70.140.1.rt21.212.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-70.140.1.rt21.212.el9_0 +7
  • RHSA-2025:12526 Released 2025-08-04 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) kernel-debug-devel-5.14.0-70.140.1.el9_0, kernel-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-70.140.1.el9_0, kernel-devel-5.14.0-70.140.1.el9_0 +5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0) bpftool-5.14.0-70.140.1.el9_0, kernel-5.14.0-70.140.1.el9_0, kernel-abi-stablelists-5.14.0-70.140.1.el9_0 +14
Show 4 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2025:12311 Released 2025-07-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt-5.14.0-284.128.1.rt14.413.el9_2, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-284.128.1.rt14.413.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-284.128.1.rt14.413.el9_2 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt-5.14.0-284.128.1.rt14.413.el9_2, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-284.128.1.rt14.413.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-284.128.1.rt14.413.el9_2 +11
  • RHSA-2025:12209 Released 2025-07-29 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-284.128.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-284.128.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-284.128.1.el9_2 +10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2) bpftool-7.0.0-284.128.1.el9_2, kernel-5.14.0-284.128.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-5.14.0-284.128.1.el9_2 +29
  • RHSA-2025:11861 Released 2025-07-28 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) kernel-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-core-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6 +28
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, libperf-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-core-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6 +21
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-570.30.1.el9_6 +11
  • RHSA-2025:11428 Released 2025-07-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) kernel-64k-debug-devel-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-devel-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) kernel-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-core-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 +28
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) kernel-tools-libs-devel-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, libperf-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10) kernel-rt-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-64k-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-64k-core-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 +21
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10) kernel-rt-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-core-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-debug-6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 +11

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:13135
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:11428
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:11861
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:12526
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:12209
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:13135
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:11428
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:11861
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:12526
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:12209
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:13135
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:11428
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:11861
Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:12525
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:11428
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:11861
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:12525
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:12311
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:13135
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2025:11428
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:11861
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:12311
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:13135
Not affected: 1 product
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-37958
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-vp64-5qr9-m88v
  3. 2026-11-05 CISA SSVC decision points changed

References

Patch 8

Advisory 2

  • TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2021-05514 Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.3
See all 15278 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences