net: fix udp gso skb_segment after pull from frag_list
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- Denial of service
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · High
- Fix status
- Fixed
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-401.
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fix udp gso skb_segment after pull from frag_list Commit a1e40ac5b5e9 ("net: gso: fix udp gso fraglist segmentation after pull from frag_list") detected invalid geometry in frag_list skbs and redirects them from skb_segment_list to more robust skb_segment. But some packets with modified geometry can also hit bugs in that code. We don't know how many such cases exist. Addressing each one by one also requires touching the complex skb_segment code, which risks introducing bugs for other types of skbs. Instead, linearize all these packets that fail the basic invariants on gso fraglist skbs. That is more robust. If only part of the fraglist payload is pulled into head_skb, it will always cause exception when splitting skbs by skb_segment. For detailed call stack information, see below. Valid SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST skbs - consist of two or more segments - the head_skb holds the protocol headers plus first gso_size - one or more frag_list skbs hold exactly one segment - all but the last must be gso_size Optional datapath hooks such as NAT and BPF (bpf_skb_pull_data) can modify fraglist skbs, breaking these invariants. In extreme cases they pull one part of data into skb linear. For UDP, this causes three payloads with lengths of (11,11,10) bytes were pulled tail to become (12,10,10) bytes. The skbs no longer meets the above SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST conditions because payload was pulled into head_skb, it needs to be linearized before pass to regular skb_segment. skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14 __udp_gso_segment+0x334/0x5f4 udp4_ufo_fragment+0x118/0x15c inet_gso_segment+0x164/0x338 skb_mac_gso_segment+0xc4/0x13c __skb_gso_segment+0xc4/0x124 validate_xmit_skb+0x9c/0x2c0 validate_xmit_skb_list+0x4c/0x80 sch_direct_xmit+0x70/0x404 __dev_queue_xmit+0x64c/0xe5c neigh_resolve_output+0x178/0x1c4 ip_finish_output2+0x37c/0x47c __ip_finish_output+0x194/0x240 ip_finish_output+0x20/0xf4 ip_output+0x100/0x1a0 NF_HOOK+0xc4/0x16c ip_forward+0x314/0x32c ip_rcv+0x90/0x118 __netif_receive_skb+0x74/0x124 process_backlog+0xe8/0x1a4 __napi_poll+0x5c/0x1f8 net_rx_action+0x154/0x314 handle_softirqs+0x154/0x4b8 [118.376811] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:bug&]kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:4278! [118.376829] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:traps&]Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [118.470774] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]Kernel Offset: 0x178cc00000 from 0xffffffc008000000 [118.470810] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]PHYS_OFFSET: 0x40000000 [118.470827] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO) [118.470848] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]pc : [0xffffffd79598aefc] skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14 [118.470900] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]lr : [0xffffffd79598a5e8] skb_segment+0x3bc/0xd14 [118.470928] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]sp : ffffffc008013770
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
Not available: CISA has not published SSVC decision points for this record.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 6.1.113 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.55 to before 6.6.94; 6.10.14 to before 6.11; 6.11.3 to before 6.12 | 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.11, 6.12 | Patch available | CNA |
| Linux | Linux | 6.12 and later | 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.12.34, 6.15.3, 6.16 | Patch available | CNA |
- Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.1.113 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.55 to before 6.6.94; 6.10.14 to before 6.11; 6.11.3 to before 6.12 Fixed in 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.11, 6.12 Patch available CNA
- Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.12 and later Fixed in 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.12.34, 6.15.3, 6.16 Patch available CNA
CPE configurations NVD · 9
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.1.113 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.55 to before 6.6.94; 6.10.14 to before 6.11; 6.11.3 to before 6.12; 6.12.1 to before 6.12.34; 6.13 to before 6.15.3 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:-:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 rc2 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 rc3 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 rc4 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 rc5 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 rc6 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.12 rc7 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | 11.0 | Vulnerable | Debian |
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.1.113 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.55 to before 6.6.94; 6.10.14 to before 6.11; 6.11.3 to before 6.12; 6.12.1 to before 6.12.34; 6.13 to before 6.15.3 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:-:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 rc2 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 rc3 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 rc4 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 rc5 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 rc6 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.12 rc7 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0 Vulnerable ·Debian
Remediation
- Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.11, 6.12
- Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.12.34, 6.15.3, 6.16
Red Hat 2 advisories
- RHSA-2025:13962 Released 2025-08-18 · Red Hat rating Importantkernel security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6 +12
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) kernel-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-core-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6 +28
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, libperf-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-core-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6 +21
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-570.35.1.el9_6 +11
- RHSA-2025:14009 Released 2025-08-18 · Red Hat rating Importantkernel security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) kernel-64k-debug-devel-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-devel-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0 +12
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) kernel-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-core-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0 +28
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) kernel-tools-libs-devel-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, libperf-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10) kernel-rt-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-64k-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-64k-core-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0 +21
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10) kernel-rt-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-core-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-debug-6.12.0-55.28.1.el10_0 +11
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:14009 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:13962 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:14009 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:13962 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:14009 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:13962 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:14009 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:13962 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:14009 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2025:13962 |
Not affected: 3 products
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-38124
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-gvvf-v7jc-239r
- 2026-10-29 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
References
Patch 5
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e65f38bd1aa14ea86e221b7bb814d38278d86c3
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85eef1748c024da1a191aed56b30a3a65958c50c
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4399f59a9467a324ed46657555f0e1f209a14acb
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a04302867094bdc6efac1b598370fc47cf3f2388
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3382a1ed7f778db841063f5d7e317ac55f9e7f72
More Linux Kernel vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
- TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
- TI-2021-05514 Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.3
Sources
- CVE-2025-38124 · CVE Program
- CVE-2025-38124 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-gvvf-v7jc-239r · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2025-38124 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
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