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TI-2025-25495 Aliases CVE-2025-38154GHSA-vvj3-j4jg-68hm

bpf, sockmap: Avoid using sk_socket after free when sending

Priority LOW 35CWE-416Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 23 fixed, 2 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-416 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, sockmap: Avoid using sk_socket after free when sending The sk->sk_socket is not locked or referenced in backlog thread, and during the call to skb_send_sock(), there is a race condition with the release of sk_socket. All types of sockets(tcp/udp/unix/vsock) will be affected. Race conditions: ''' CPU0 CPU1 backlog::skb_send_sock sendmsg_unlocked sock_sendmsg sock_sendmsg_nosec close(fd): ... ops->release() -> sock_map_close() sk_socket->ops = NULL free(socket) sock->ops->sendmsg ^ panic here ''' The ref of psock become 0 after sock_map_close() executed. ''' void sock_map_close() { ... if (likely(psock)) { ... // !! here we remove psock and the ref of psock become 0 sock_map_remove_links(sk, psock) psock = sk_psock_get(sk); if (unlikely(!psock)) goto no_psock; <=== Control jumps here via goto ... cancel_delayed_work_sync(&psock->work); <=== not executed sk_psock_put(sk, psock); ... } ''' Based on the fact that we already wait for the workqueue to finish in sock_map_close() if psock is held, we simply increase the psock reference count to avoid race conditions. With this patch, if the backlog thread is running, sock_map_close() will wait for the backlog thread to complete and cancel all pending work. If no backlog running, any pending work that hasn't started by then will fail when invoked by sk_psock_get(), as the psock reference count have been zeroed, and sk_psock_drop() will cancel all jobs via cancel_delayed_work_sync(). In summary, we require synchronization to coordinate the backlog thread and close() thread. The panic I catched: ''' Workqueue: events sk_psock_backlog RIP: 0010:sock_sendmsg+0x21d/0x440 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffc9000521fad8 RCX: 0000000000000001 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ? die_addr+0x40/0xa0 ? exc_general_protection+0x14c/0x230 ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x26/0x30 ? sock_sendmsg+0x21d/0x440 ? sock_sendmsg+0x3e0/0x440 ? __pfx_sock_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 __skb_send_sock+0x543/0xb70 sk_psock_backlog+0x247/0xb80 ... '''

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00191 8th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Linux (Linux): 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94 +4Red Hat: 7 advisoriesRed Hat: 23 fixed, 2 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
LinuxLinux5.15.162 to before 5.15.186; 6.1.95 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.35 to before 6.6.94; 6.9.6 to before 6.105.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.10Patch availableCNA
LinuxLinux6.10 and later5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.12.34, 6.15.3, 6.16Patch availableCNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 5.15.162 to before 5.15.186; 6.1.95 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.35 to before 6.6.94; 6.9.6 to before 6.10 Fixed in 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.10 Patch available CNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.10 and later Fixed in 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.12.34, 6.15.3, 6.16 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 9

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*5.15.162 to before 5.15.186; 6.1.95 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.35 to before 6.6.94; 6.9.6 to before 6.10; 6.10.1 to before 6.12.34; 6.13 to before 6.15.3VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:-:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10 rc2VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10 rc3VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10 rc4VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10 rc5VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10 rc6VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*6.10 rc7VulnerableLinux
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*11.0VulnerableDebian
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 5.15.162 to before 5.15.186; 6.1.95 to before 6.1.142; 6.6.35 to before 6.6.94; 6.9.6 to before 6.10; 6.10.1 to before 6.12.34; 6.13 to before 6.15.3 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:-:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 rc2 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 rc3 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 rc4 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 rc5 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 rc6 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.10 rc7 Vulnerable ·Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 11.0 Vulnerable ·Debian

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.10
  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, 6.12.34, 6.15.3, 6.16

Red Hat 7 advisories

  • RHSA-2026:27731 Released 2026-06-22 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security, bug fix, and enhancement update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) kernel-64k-debug-devel-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-devel-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0) kernel-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-64k-core-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0 +28
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0) kernel-tools-libs-devel-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, libperf-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v. 10.0) kernel-rt-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-64k-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-64k-core-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0 +21
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v. 10.0) kernel-rt-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-core-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0, kernel-rt-debug-6.12.0-55.82.1.el10_0 +11
  • RHSA-2026:7100 Released 2026-04-08 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt-5.14.0-70.173.1.rt21.245.el9_0, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-70.173.1.rt21.245.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-70.173.1.rt21.245.el9_0 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt-5.14.0-70.173.1.rt21.245.el9_0, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-70.173.1.rt21.245.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-70.173.1.rt21.245.el9_0 +7
  • RHSA-2026:7013 Released 2026-04-08 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) kernel-debug-devel-5.14.0-70.173.1.el9_0, kernel-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-70.173.1.el9_0, kernel-devel-5.14.0-70.173.1.el9_0 +5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0) bpftool-5.14.0-70.173.1.el9_0, kernel-5.14.0-70.173.1.el9_0, kernel-abi-stablelists-5.14.0-70.173.1.el9_0 +14
Show 4 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2026:6310 Released 2026-04-01 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, libperf-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4 +11
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4) bpftool-7.3.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4 +29
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-427.117.1.el9_4 +11
  • RHSA-2026:5813 Released 2026-03-25 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-284.161.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-284.161.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-284.161.1.el9_2 +10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2) bpftool-7.0.0-284.161.1.el9_2, kernel-5.14.0-284.161.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-5.14.0-284.161.1.el9_2 +29
  • RHSA-2026:5690 Released 2026-03-25 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt-5.14.0-284.161.1.rt14.446.el9_2, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-284.161.1.rt14.446.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-284.161.1.rt14.446.el9_2 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt-5.14.0-284.161.1.rt14.446.el9_2, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-284.161.1.rt14.446.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-284.161.1.rt14.446.el9_2 +11
  • RHSA-2026:3520 Released 2026-03-02 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, libperf-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6) kernel-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-core-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6 +28
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.6) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-core-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6 +21
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.6) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-570.94.1.el9_6 +11

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:6310
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:3520
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:7013
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:5813
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:27731
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:6310
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:3520
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:7013
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:5813
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:27731
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:6310
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:3520
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:27731
Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:7100
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:7100
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:5690
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:27731
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:6310
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:3520
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:5690
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:27731
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:6310
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:3520
Not affected: 3 products
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-38154
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-vvj3-j4jg-68hm
  3. 2026-10-16 CISA SSVC decision points changed

References

  • TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2021-05514 Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.3
See all 15278 →

Sources