xfrm: xfrm_alloc_spi shouldn't use 0 as SPI
Priority LOW 35Published · Updated
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Local
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- —
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- High · High · High
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 5 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat.
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: xfrm_alloc_spi shouldn't use 0 as SPI x->id.spi == 0 means "no SPI assigned", but since commit 94f39804d891 ("xfrm: Duplicate SPI Handling"), we now create states and add them to the byspi list with this value. __xfrm_state_delete doesn't remove those states from the byspi list, since they shouldn't be there, and this shows up as a UAF the next time we go through the byspi list.
Why it matters now
Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00199 9th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Linux (Linux): 6.2, 6.16, 6.6.109 +2Red Hat: 5 without a fix
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- None
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Total
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 6.1.191 to before 6.2; 6.15.11 to before 6.16 | 6.2, 6.16 | Patch available | CNA |
| Linux | Linux | 6.6.103 to before 6.6.109; 6.12.43 to before 6.12.50; 6.16.2 to before 6.16.10 | 6.6.109, 6.12.50, 6.16.10 | Patch available | CNA |
- Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.1.191 to before 6.2; 6.15.11 to before 6.16 Fixed in 6.2, 6.16 Patch available CNA
- Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.6.103 to before 6.6.109; 6.12.43 to before 6.12.50; 6.16.2 to before 6.16.10 Fixed in 6.6.109, 6.12.50, 6.16.10 Patch available CNA
CPE configurations NVD · 8
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.6.103 to before 6.6.109; 6.12.43 to before 6.12.50; 6.15.11 to before 6.16; 6.16.2 to before 6.16.10 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc1 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc2 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc3 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc4 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc5 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc6 | Vulnerable | Linux |
| cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:* | 6.17 rc7 | Vulnerable | Linux |
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.6.103 to before 6.6.109; 6.12.43 to before 6.12.50; 6.15.11 to before 6.16; 6.16.2 to before 6.16.10 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc1 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc2 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc3 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc4 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc5 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc6 Vulnerable ·Linux
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.17 rc7 Vulnerable ·Linux
Remediation
- Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.2, 6.16
- Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 6.6.109, 6.12.50, 6.16.10
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-39965
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-jc8g-4mch-vjcv
- 2026-10-16 CISA SSVC decision points changed
- 2026-10-30 Fix available: Linux/[email protected] · CNA
References
More Linux Kernel vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
- TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
- TI-2021-05514 Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.3
Sources
- CVE-2025-39965 · CVE Program
- CVE-2025-39965 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-jc8g-4mch-vjcv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2025-39965 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
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