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TI-2025-26856 Aliases CVE-2025-40186GHSA-qx52-pj36-489j

tcp: Don't call reqsk_fastopen_remove() in tcp_conn_request().

Priority LOW 38Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High
Impact type
—
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 30 fixed, 3 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat.

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: Don't call reqsk_fastopen_remove() in tcp_conn_request(). syzbot reported the splat below in tcp_conn_request(). [0] If a listener is close()d while a TFO socket is being processed in tcp_conn_request(), inet_csk_reqsk_queue_add() does not set reqsk->sk and calls inet_child_forget(), which calls tcp_disconnect() for the TFO socket. After the cited commit, tcp_disconnect() calls reqsk_fastopen_remove(), where reqsk_put() is called due to !reqsk->sk. Then, reqsk_fastopen_remove() in tcp_conn_request() decrements the last req->rsk_refcnt and frees reqsk, and __reqsk_free() at the drop_and_free label causes the refcount underflow for the listener and double-free of the reqsk. Let's remove reqsk_fastopen_remove() in tcp_conn_request(). Note that other callers make sure tp->fastopen_rsk is not NULL. [0]: refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 12 PID: 5563 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate (lib/refcount.c:28) Modules linked in: CPU: 12 UID: 0 PID: 5563 Comm: syz-executor Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/12/2025 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate (lib/refcount.c:28) Code: ab e8 8e b4 98 ff 0f 0b c3 cc cc cc cc cc 80 3d a4 e4 d6 01 00 75 9c c6 05 9b e4 d6 01 01 48 c7 c7 e8 df fb ab e8 6a b4 98 ff <0f> 0b e9 03 5b 76 00 cc 80 3d 7d e4 d6 01 00 0f 85 74 ff ff ff c6 RSP: 0018:ffffa79fc0304a98 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: d83af4db1c6b3900 RBX: ffff9f65c7a69020 RCX: d83af4db1c6b3900 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000ffff7fff RDI: ffffffffac78a280 RBP: 000000009d781b60 R08: 0000000000007fff R09: ffffffffac6ca280 R10: 0000000000017ffd R11: 0000000000000004 R12: ffff9f65c7b4f100 R13: ffff9f65c7d23c00 R14: ffff9f65c7d26000 R15: ffff9f65c7a64ef8 FS: 00007f9f962176c0(0000) GS:ffff9f65fcf00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000200000000180 CR3: 000000000dbbe006 CR4: 0000000000372ef0 Call Trace: <IRQ> tcp_conn_request (./include/linux/refcount.h:400 ./include/linux/refcount.h:432 ./include/linux/refcount.h:450 ./include/net/sock.h:1965 ./include/net/request_sock.h:131 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:7301) tcp_rcv_state_process (net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:6708) tcp_v6_do_rcv (net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c:1670) tcp_v6_rcv (net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c:1906) ip6_protocol_deliver_rcu (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:438) ip6_input (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:500) ipv6_rcv (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:311) __netif_receive_skb (net/core/dev.c:6104) process_backlog (net/core/dev.c:6456) __napi_poll (net/core/dev.c:7506) net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7569 net/core/dev.c:7696) handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:579) do_softirq (kernel/softirq.c:480) </IRQ>

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00585 48th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Linux (Linux): 5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195 +6Red Hat: 12 advisoriesRed Hat: 30 fixed, 3 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
LinuxLinux5.4.300 to before 5.4.301; 5.10.245 to before 5.10.246; 5.15.194 to before 5.15.195; 6.1.154 to before 6.1.157; 6.6.108 to before 6.6.113; 6.12.49 to before 6.12.54; 6.16.9 to before 6.175.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195, 6.1.157, 6.6.113, 6.12.54, 6.17Patch availableCNA
LinuxLinux6.17 and later5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195, 6.1.157, 6.6.113, 6.12.54, 6.17.4, 6.18Patch availableCNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 5.4.300 to before 5.4.301; 5.10.245 to before 5.10.246; 5.15.194 to before 5.15.195; 6.1.154 to before 6.1.157; 6.6.108 to before 6.6.113; 6.12.49 to before 6.12.54; 6.16.9 to before 6.17 Fixed in 5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195, 6.1.157, 6.6.113, 6.12.54, 6.17 Patch available CNA
  • Linux VendorLinux Affected 6.17 and later Fixed in 5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195, 6.1.157, 6.6.113, 6.12.54, 6.17.4, 6.18 Patch available CNA

CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1

Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*——Linux
  • cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·Linux

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195, 6.1.157, 6.6.113, 6.12.54, 6.17
  • Fix · CNA Linux (Linux) Fixed in 5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.195, 6.1.157, 6.6.113, 6.12.54, 6.17.4, 6.18

Red Hat 12 advisories

  • RHSA-2025:23450 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, libperf-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4 +11
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4) bpftool-7.3.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-64k-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4 +29
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4) kernel-rt-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-427.103.1.el9_4 +11
  • RHSA-2025:23463 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4) bpftool-4.18.0-305.182.1.el8_4, kernel-4.18.0-305.182.1.el8_4, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-305.182.1.el8_4 +14
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) bpftool-4.18.0-305.182.1.el8_4, kernel-4.18.0-305.182.1.el8_4, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-305.182.1.el8_4 +14
  • RHSA-2025:23445 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v. 8.2) bpftool-4.18.0-193.178.1.el8_2, kernel-4.18.0-193.178.1.el8_2, kernel-abi-whitelists-4.18.0-193.178.1.el8_2 +14
Show 9 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2025:23423 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-284.150.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-284.150.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-284.150.1.el9_2 +10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2) bpftool-7.0.0-284.150.1.el9_2, kernel-5.14.0-284.150.1.el9_2, kernel-64k-5.14.0-284.150.1.el9_2 +29
  • RHSA-2025:23425 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.6) bpftool-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6, kernel-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6 +14
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.6) bpftool-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6, kernel-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6 +19
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.6) bpftool-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6, kernel-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-372.173.1.el8_6 +14
  • RHSA-2025:23426 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) kernel-debug-devel-5.14.0-70.158.1.el9_0, kernel-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-70.158.1.el9_0, kernel-devel-5.14.0-70.158.1.el9_0 +5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0) bpftool-5.14.0-70.158.1.el9_0, kernel-5.14.0-70.158.1.el9_0, kernel-abi-stablelists-5.14.0-70.158.1.el9_0 +14
  • RHSA-2025:23427 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.8) bpftool-4.18.0-477.123.1.el8_8, kernel-4.18.0-477.123.1.el8_8, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-477.123.1.el8_8 +14
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.8) bpftool-4.18.0-477.123.1.el8_8, kernel-4.18.0-477.123.1.el8_8, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-477.123.1.el8_8 +14
  • RHSA-2025:23422 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt-5.14.0-284.150.1.rt14.435.el9_2, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-284.150.1.rt14.435.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-284.150.1.rt14.435.el9_2 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2) kernel-rt-5.14.0-284.150.1.rt14.435.el9_2, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-284.150.1.rt14.435.el9_2, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-284.150.1.rt14.435.el9_2 +11
  • RHSA-2025:23424 Released 2025-12-17 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt-5.14.0-70.158.1.rt21.230.el9_0, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-70.158.1.rt21.230.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-70.158.1.rt21.230.el9_0 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0) kernel-rt-5.14.0-70.158.1.rt21.230.el9_0, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-70.158.1.rt21.230.el9_0, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-70.158.1.rt21.230.el9_0 +7
  • RHSA-2025:22392 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6) kernel-tools-libs-devel-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, libperf-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) kernel-64k-debug-devel-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-devel-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6 +12
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6) kernel-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-64k-core-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6 +28
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.6) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-64k-core-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6 +21
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.6) kernel-rt-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-core-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6, kernel-rt-debug-5.14.0-570.69.1.el9_6 +11
  • RHSA-2025:22388 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) bpftool-4.18.0-553.87.1.el8_10, kernel-4.18.0-553.87.1.el8_10, kernel-abi-stablelists-4.18.0-553.87.1.el8_10 +19
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) kernel-tools-libs-devel-4.18.0-553.87.1.el8_10
  • RHSA-2025:22387 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating Moderate
    kernel-rt security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV (v. 8) kernel-rt-4.18.0-553.87.1.rt7.428.el8_10, kernel-rt-core-4.18.0-553.87.1.rt7.428.el8_10, kernel-rt-debug-4.18.0-553.87.1.rt7.428.el8_10 +9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux RT (v. 8) kernel-rt-4.18.0-553.87.1.rt7.428.el8_10, kernel-rt-core-4.18.0-553.87.1.rt7.428.el8_10, kernel-rt-debug-4.18.0-553.87.1.rt7.428.el8_10 +7

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23450
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:22392
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:23426
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:23423
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23450
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:22392
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2025:22388
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v. 8.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:23445
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23463
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:23425
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:23425
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2025:23427
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:23426
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:23423
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23450
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:22392
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23463
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:23425
Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2025:23427
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2025:22388
Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2025:22387
Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:23424
Red Hat Enterprise Linux RT (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2025:22387
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:23424
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:23422
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23450
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:22392
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:23422
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:23450
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:22392
Not affected: 2 products
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-40186
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-qx52-pj36-489j
  3. 2026-10-16 CISA SSVC decision points changed

References

  • TI-2025-26358 tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-38352 netfilter: bridge: make ebt_snat ARP rewrite writable KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2021-02452 Incorrect authorization in Ubuntu linux kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2013-05264 The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2022-00125 Integer overflow in kernel KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
  • TI-2013-01864 The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.4
See all 21741 →

Sources