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TI-2025-33969 Aliases CVE-2025-54126

WebAssembly Micro Runtime's `--addr-pool` option allows all IPv4 addresses when subnet mask is not specified

Priority HIGH 70CWE-668Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Impact type
Information disclosure
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
Low · None · None
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-668 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

The WebAssembly Micro Runtime's (WAMR) iwasm package is the executable binary built with WAMR VMcore which supports WebAssembly System Interface (WASI) and command line interface. In versions 2.4.0 and below, iwasm uses --addr-pool with an IPv4 address that lacks a subnet mask, allowing the system to accept all IP addresses. This can unintentionally expose the service to all incoming connections and bypass intended access restrictions. Services relying on --addr-pool for restricting access by IP may unintentionally become open to all external connections. This may lead to unauthorized access in production deployments, especially when users assume that specifying an IP without a subnet mask implies a default secure configuration. This is fixed in version 2.4.1.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00723 54th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD
Fix Fixed wasm-micro-runtime (bytecodealliance): 2.4.1

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
bytecodealliancewasm-micro-runtimebefore 2.4.12.4.1Patch availableCNA
  • wasm-micro-runtime Vendorbytecodealliance Affected before 2.4.1 Fixed in 2.4.1 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:bytecodealliance:webassembly_micro_runtime:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*up to 2.4.0Vulnerablebytecodealliance
  • cpe:2.3:a:bytecodealliance:webassembly_micro_runtime:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions up to 2.4.0 Vulnerable ·bytecodealliance

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA wasm-micro-runtime (bytecodealliance) Fixed in 2.4.1

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-54126
  2. 2026-10-19 EPSS moved to the 50th–90th percentile

References

Exploit 1

Patch 1

Other 1

  • TI-2024-16741 An issue in bytecodealliance wasm-micro-runtime before v.b3f728c and fixed in commit… CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2024-22658 An out-of-bound memory read vulnerability was discovered in Bytecode Alliance… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2024-18300 wasm-micro-runtime (aka WebAssembly Micro Runtime or WAMR) 06df58f is vulnerable to NULL… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2023-26034 An heap overflow vulnerability was discovered in Bytecode alliance wasm-micro-runtime… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2024-22657 A heap buffer overflow vulnerability was discovered in Bytecode Alliance… CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.2
  • TI-2025-40059 Memory corruption in bytecodealliance wasm-micro-runtime CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.4
See all 10 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences