webbrowser.open() allows leading dashes in URLs
Priority LOW 33CWE-20Published · Updated
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Local
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Active
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- Present
- Impact type
- —
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- High · High · None
- Fix status
- Fixed
Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat.
Summary
The webbrowser.open() API would accept leading dashes in the URL which could be handled as command line options for certain web browsers. New behavior rejects leading dashes. Users are recommended to sanitize URLs prior to passing to webbrowser.open().
Why it matters now
Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.0032 25th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed CPython (Python Software Foundation): 3.10.21, 3.11.16, 3.12.14 +3Red Hat: 52 advisories
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- None
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Total
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Python Software Foundation | CPython | before 3.10.21; 3.11.0 to before 3.11.16; 3.12.0 to before 3.12.14; 3.13.0 to before 3.13.13; 3.14.0 to before 3.14.4; 3.15.0a1 to before 3.15.0a8 | 3.10.21, 3.11.16, 3.12.14, 3.13.13, 3.14.4, 3.15.0a8 | Patch available | CNA |
- CPython VendorPython Software Foundation Affected before 3.10.21; 3.11.0 to before 3.11.16; 3.12.0 to before 3.12.14; 3.13.0 to before 3.13.13; 3.14.0 to before 3.14.4; 3.15.0a1 to before 3.15.0a8 Fixed in 3.10.21, 3.11.16, 3.12.14, 3.13.13, 3.14.4, 3.15.0a8 Patch available CNA
CPE configurations NVD · 8
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | before 3.13.13; 3.14.0 to before 3.14.4 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha1 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha2 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha3 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha4 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha5 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha6:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha6 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
| cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha7:*:*:*:*:*:* | 3.15.0 alpha7 | Vulnerable | python-pillow |
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 3.13.13; 3.14.0 to before 3.14.4 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha1 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha2 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha3 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha4 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha5 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha6:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha6 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
- cpe:2.3:a:python:python:3.15.0:alpha7:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.15.0 alpha7 Vulnerable ·python-pillow
Remediation
- Fix · CNA CPython (Python Software Foundation) Fixed in 3.10.21, 3.11.16, 3.12.14, 3.13.13, 3.14.4, 3.15.0a8
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- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0) python3-3.12.9-2.el10_0.8, python3-libs-3.12.9-2.el10_0.8, python3.12-3.12.9-2.el10_0.8
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0) python3-debug-3.12.9-2.el10_0.8, python3-idle-3.12.9-2.el10_0.8, python3-test-3.12.9-2.el10_0.8
- RHSA-2026:7010 Released 2026-04-08 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.12 security update
- Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6) python3.12-3.12.9-1.el9_6.7, python3.12-debug-3.12.9-1.el9_6.7, python3.12-idle-3.12.9-1.el9_6.7 +2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) python3.12-3.12.9-1.el9_6.7, python3.12-devel-3.12.9-1.el9_6.7, python3.12-libs-3.12.9-1.el9_6.7 +1
- RHSA-2026:6766 Released 2026-04-07 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.9 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) python-unversioned-command-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2, python3-devel-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2, python3-tkinter-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) python3-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2, python3-libs-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2, python3.9-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) python3-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2, python3-debug-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2, python3-idle-3.9.25-3.el9_7.2 +2
- RHSA-2026:6473 Released 2026-04-02 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) platform-python-3.6.8-75.el8_10, platform-python-debug-3.6.8-75.el8_10, platform-python-devel-3.6.8-75.el8_10 +3
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) platform-python-3.6.8-75.el8_10, python3-3.6.8-75.el8_10, python3-libs-3.6.8-75.el8_10 +1
- RHSA-2026:6285 Released 2026-03-31 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.12 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) python3.12-3.12.12-4.el9_7.2, python3.12-devel-3.12.12-4.el9_7.2, python3.12-libs-3.12.12-4.el9_7.2 +1
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) python3.12-3.12.12-4.el9_7.2, python3.12-debug-3.12.12-4.el9_7.2, python3.12-idle-3.12.12-4.el9_7.2 +2
- RHSA-2026:6286 Released 2026-03-31 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.11 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) python3.11-3.11.13-5.2.el9_7, python3.11-devel-3.11.13-5.2.el9_7, python3.11-libs-3.11.13-5.2.el9_7 +1
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) python3.11-3.11.13-5.2.el9_7, python3.11-debug-3.11.13-5.2.el9_7, python3.11-idle-3.11.13-5.2.el9_7 +2
- RHSA-2026:6283 Released 2026-03-31 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.12 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) python3.12-3.12.12-4.el8_10, python3.12-devel-3.12.12-4.el8_10, python3.12-libs-3.12.12-4.el8_10 +2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) python3.12-3.12.12-4.el8_10, python3.12-debug-3.12.12-4.el8_10, python3.12-idle-3.12.12-4.el8_10 +2
- RHSA-2026:6281 Released 2026-03-31 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.11 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) python3.11-3.11.13-6.el8_10, python3.11-devel-3.11.13-6.el8_10, python3.11-libs-3.11.13-6.el8_10 +2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) python3.11-3.11.13-6.el8_10, python3.11-debug-3.11.13-6.el8_10, python3.11-idle-3.11.13-6.el8_10 +2
- RHSA-2026:6256 Released 2026-03-31 · Red Hat rating Importantpython3.12 security update
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) python-unversioned-command-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2, python3-devel-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2, python3-tkinter-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) python3-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2, python3-libs-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2, python3.12-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) python3-debug-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2, python3-idle-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2, python3-test-3.12.12-3.el10_1.2
- RHSA-2026:6035 Released 2026-03-30 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
- Red Hat Hardened Images python3.12-3.12.13-2.hum1@aarch64, python3.12-3.12.13-2.hum1@src, python3.12-3.12.13-2.hum1@x86_64 +12
- RHSA-2026:6016 Released 2026-03-30 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
- Red Hat Hardened Images python3.11-3.11.15-2.hum1@aarch64, python3.11-3.11.15-2.hum1@src, python3.11-3.11.15-2.hum1@x86_64 +12
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Middleware Containers for OpenShift | Fixed | RHSA-2026:13812 |
| Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19724, RHSA-2026:19725, RHSA-2026:25096, RHSA-2026:7335 |
| Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:16008, RHSA-2026:16009, RHSA-2026:16030, RHSA-2026:16174, RHSA-2026:8746, RHSA-2026:8747, RHSA-2026:8748 |
| Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10101, RHSA-2026:10111, RHSA-2026:9042 |
| Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:7010, RHSA-2026:9354, RHSA-2026:9705 |
| Red Hat Discovery 2 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:7329 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10140, RHSA-2026:10141 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19019, RHSA-2026:19064, RHSA-2026:6256 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:6281, RHSA-2026:6283, RHSA-2026:6473 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19175, RHSA-2026:19176, RHSA-2026:19177, RHSA-2026:19216, RHSA-2026:6285, RHSA-2026:6286, RHSA-2026:6766 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9387 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9621 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9386 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9386 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9289, RHSA-2026:9591 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9261 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9260, RHSA-2026:9262 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:7244 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10101, RHSA-2026:10111, RHSA-2026:9042 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:7010, RHSA-2026:9354, RHSA-2026:9705 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9621 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9386 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9289, RHSA-2026:9591 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19064, RHSA-2026:6256 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:6473 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19216, RHSA-2026:6766 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v. 8.2) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9387 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9621 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9386 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9386 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9289 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.0) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9261 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.9.2) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9262 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:7244 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10101 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9354 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9621 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.6) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9386 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9289 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:6281, RHSA-2026:6283 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19019, RHSA-2026:19064, RHSA-2026:6256 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:19175, RHSA-2026:19176, RHSA-2026:19177, RHSA-2026:19216, RHSA-2026:6285, RHSA-2026:6286, RHSA-2026:6766 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:7244 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9614, RHSA-2026:9745 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server -EXTENSION(v. 6 ELS-EXTENSION) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10102 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:9614, RHSA-2026:9745 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional -EXTENSION (v. 6 ELS -EXTENSION) | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10102 |
| Red Hat Hardened Images | Fixed | RHSA-2026:6016, RHSA-2026:6035, RHSA-2026:7443, RHSA-2026:7661 |
| Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:10065, RHSA-2026:21275 |
Not affected: 3 products
- Middleware Containers for OpenShift
- Red Hat Discovery 2
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-4519
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-rm92-fj5q-mpj5
References
Patch 14
- https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/143931
- https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/143930
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/43fe06b96f6a6cf5cfd5bdab20b8649374956866
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/82a24a4442312bdcfc4c799885e8b3e00990f02b
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/9669a912a0e329c094e992204d6bdb8787024d76
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/ad4d5ba32af4d80b0dfa2ba9d8203bfb219e60a5
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/ceac1efc66516ac387eef2c9a0ce671895b44f03
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/cbba6119391112aba9c5aebf7b94aea447922c48
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/3681d47a440865aead912a054d4599087b4270dd
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/591ed890270c5697b013bf637029fb3e6cd2d73e
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/594b5a05dc9913880ac92eded440defbf32a28d1
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/89bfb8e5ed3c7caa241028f1a4eac5f6275a46a4
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/96fc5048605863c7b6fd6289643feb0e97edd96c
- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/cc023511238ad93ecc8796157c6f9139a2bb2932
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Sources
- CVE-2026-4519 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-4519 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-rm92-fj5q-mpj5 · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2026-4519 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences