Denial of Service via HDF5 Shape Bomb in keras.models.load_model() in keras-team/keras
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Local
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Required
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- Denial of service
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · High
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 1 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 3.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-770.
Summary
A vulnerability in keras-team/keras versions <= 3.15.0 allows for a denial of service (DoS) attack when loading malicious .keras model files via the keras.models.load_model() function. The H5IOStore.__getitem__ method in keras/src/saving/saving_lib.py does not validate the shape or size of datasets, leading to unbounded memory allocation. A specially crafted .keras file can exploit this flaw to trigger an out-of-memory (OOM) condition, causing the process to be terminated (exit code 137). This issue bypasses the fix for CVE-2026-0897, which only addressed a similar vulnerability in KerasFileEditor. The attack vector includes poisoned models from public repositories or malicious model registries, posing a risk to machine learning pipelines that process untrusted models.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| keras-team | keras-team/keras | before 3.12.3, 3.15.0 | 3.12.3, 3.15.0 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | keras (PyPI) | before 3.15.0 | 3.15.0 | Patch available | GHSA-74m6-m3xx-3vmj |
- keras-team/keras Vendorkeras-team Affected before 3.12.3, 3.15.0 Fixed in 3.12.3, 3.15.0 Patch available CNA
- keras (PyPI) Vendor— Affected before 3.15.0 Fixed in 3.15.0 Patch available GHSA-74m6-m3xx-3vmj
CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1
Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:keras:keras:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | — | — | keras-team |
- cpe:2.3:a:keras:keras:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·keras-team
Remediation
- Fix · CNA keras-team/keras (keras-team) Fixed in 3.12.3, 3.15.0
- Fix · GHSA-74m6-m3xx-3vmj keras (PyPI) Fixed in 3.15.0 Advisory →
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-12570
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-74m6-m3xx-3vmj
References
More keras-team vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-31626 Deserialization of untrusted data in keras-team Keras CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-10715 Deserialization of Untrusted Data in keras-team/keras CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-01159 Safe Mode Bypass in keras-team/keras CVSS 3.0HIGH 8.8
- TI-2025-08001 Keras safe_mode bypass allows arbitrary code execution when loading a malicious model. CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.6
- TI-2026-10199 Path Traversal in keras-team/keras CVSS 3.0HIGH 8.1
- TI-2025-11591 Path Traversal Vulnerability in keras-team/keras via Tar Archive Extraction in keras.utils.get_file() CVSS 3.0HIGH 8.0
Sources
- CVE-2026-12570 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-12570 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-74m6-m3xx-3vmj · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2026-12570 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences