HDF5 divide-by-zero (SIGFPE) via mismatched chunk-layout dimensionality and dataspace rank on dataset open
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Local
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Passive
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Impact type
- Denial of service
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · High
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 1 fixed, 1 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-369.
Summary
H5O__layout_decode in H5Olayout.c in HDF5 through 2.3.0 does not validate that a chunked dataset's stored chunk-layout dimensionality matches its dataspace rank when an existing dataset is opened, whereas this check is performed only at dataset-creation time. This allows attackers to cause a denial of service (divide-by-zero and application crash in H5S__hyper_iter_get_seq_list in src/H5Shyper.c) via a crafted HDF5 file with mismatched chunk/dataspace ranks that is opened and read via H5Dopen2 and H5Dread, e.g. by the h5repack tool.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The HDF Group | HDF5 | up to 2.3.0 | — | No fix listed | CNA |
- HDF5 VendorThe HDF Group Affected up to 2.3.0 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1
Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:hdfgroup:hdf5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | — | — | The HDF Group |
- cpe:2.3:a:hdfgroup:hdf5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·The HDF Group
Remediation
Red Hat 1 advisory
- RHSA-2026:61630 Released 2026-08-31 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Hardened Images RPMs Security Update
- Red Hat Hardened Images hdf5-2.2.0-0.1.1.hum1@aarch64, hdf5-2.2.0-0.1.1.hum1@src, hdf5-2.2.0-0.1.1.hum1@x86_64 +18
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Hardened Images | Fixed | RHSA-2026:61630 |
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-19025
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-546v-jw2p-gc8p
References
More The HDF Group vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-28698 hdf5 v1.14.6 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the H5Z__filter_scaleoffset function. CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2025-28697 hdf5 v1.14.6 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the H5VM_memcpyvv function. CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2020-13412 Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function H5S_close in H5S.c in HDF5 1.10.4 allows remote… CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2021-15413 Buffer Overflow vulnerability in HDFGroup hdf5-h5dump 1.12.0 through 1.13.0 allows… CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-26978 HDF5: H5T__conv_struct Use After Free CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.8
- TI-2026-15548 HDF5 H5Pget_fill_value NULL Pointer Dereference via Malformed Fill Value Message CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.2
Sources
- CVE-2026-19025 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-19025 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-546v-jw2p-gc8p · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2026-19025 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences