TI-2026-29117 Aliases CVE-2026-40342

Firebird: Path Traversal + Arbitrary File Write Leads to Remote Code Execution

MEDIUM 44CWE-22Published 2026-04-17 · Updated 2026-04-22

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: High · High · High
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-427.

Summary

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.00692 53rd percentileScored 2026-11-07

Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD

Fix Fixed firebird (FirebirdSQL): 3.0.14, 4.0.7, 5.0.4

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: None
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
FirebirdSQL	firebird	before 3.0.14; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.7; 5.0.0 to before 5.0.4	3.0.14, 4.0.7, 5.0.4	Patch available	CNA

firebird VendorFirebirdSQL Affected before 3.0.14; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.7; 5.0.0 to before 5.0.4 Fixed in 3.0.14, 4.0.7, 5.0.4 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPE	Versions	Role	Vendor
cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird::::::::	before 3.0.14; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.7; 5.0.0 to before 5.0.4	Vulnerable	FirebirdSQL

cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 3.0.14; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.7; 5.0.0 to before 5.0.4 Vulnerable ·FirebirdSQL

Remediation

Fix · CNA firebird (FirebirdSQL) Fixed in 3.0.14, 4.0.7, 5.0.4

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Not affected: 1 product

Red Hat

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-40342

References

Exploit 1

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257

Other 3

TI-2026-22559 Firebird Null Pointer Dereference via CryptCallback causes DOS CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.2
TI-2026-22234 Firebird has Pre-Auth DOS when Processing Out of Order CNCT_specific_data Segments CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.2
TI-2026-27368 Firebird: DoS via malicious slice descriptor in slice packet CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2026-26527 Firebird: DoS via `op_response` packet from client CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2026-25747 Firebird has a buffer overflow when parsing corrupted slice packets CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
TI-2026-22547 Firebird has potential server crash via null pointer dereference when processing op_slice packet CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5

See all 45 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences