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TI-2026-32288 Aliases CVE-2026-44320GHSA-wqfh-gq79-j8mf

Missing authentication in free5gc

Priority LOW 38CWE-306Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Security bypass
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
Low · Low · Low
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-306.

Summary

free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the nnef-callback route group without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token) is enough to reach the SMF-callback handler -- the callback body is parsed and dispatched into NEF business logic instead of being rejected at the auth boundary. Same root cause as the other NEF SBI findings: the route group is mounted without any inbound auth middleware. NEF does not authenticate the producer NF identity before processing callback content; if an attacker can guess or obtain a valid NotifId, this missing auth boundary lets forged callbacks act on real subscription state. The route group is also reachable even when the runtime ServiceList does not declare it (it lists only nnef-pfdmanagement and nnef-oam). This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00241 15th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 2 exploit referencesTagged by NVD
Fix Fixed free5gc (free5gc): 4.2.2

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
free5gcfree5gcbefore 4.2.24.2.2Patch availableCNA
—github.com/free5gc/nef (Go)up to 1.2.3—No fix listedGHSA-wqfh-gq79-j8mf
  • free5gc Vendorfree5gc Affected before 4.2.2 Fixed in 4.2.2 Patch available CNA
  • github.com/free5gc/nef (Go) Vendor— Affected up to 1.2.3 Fixed in — No fix listed GHSA-wqfh-gq79-j8mf

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:free5gc:free5gc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 4.2.2Vulnerablefree5gc
  • cpe:2.3:a:free5gc:free5gc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 4.2.2 Vulnerable ·free5gc

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA free5gc (free5gc) Fixed in 4.2.2

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-44320
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-wqfh-gq79-j8mf

References

Exploit 2

Patch 1

Advisory 1

Other 1

  • TI-2026-32298 Incorrect authorization in free5gc CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2026-32297 free5GC: SMF UPI management interface lacks auth middleware; unauthenticated topology read/write requests reach handlers CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2026-32295 free5GC: NEF nnef-oam route group is unauthenticated; no-token requests reach the OAM handler CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-39412 free5gc v4.1.0 and before is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-32294 Missing authorization in free5gc CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.4
  • TI-2026-32283 Missing authorization in free5gc CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.4
See all 58 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences