Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- High
- Impact type
- Security bypass
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · High · None
- Fix status
- Fixed
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-693.
Summary
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| klever-io | klever-go | before 1.7.17 | 1.7.17 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | github.com/klever-io/klever-go (Go) | before 1.7.17 | 1.7.17 | Patch available | GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33 |
- klever-go Vendorklever-io Affected before 1.7.17 Fixed in 1.7.17 Patch available CNA
- github.com/klever-io/klever-go (Go) Vendor— Affected before 1.7.17 Fixed in 1.7.17 Patch available GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33
Remediation
- Fix · CNA klever-go (klever-io) Fixed in 1.7.17
- Fix · GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33 github.com/klever-io/klever-go (Go) Fixed in 1.7.17 Advisory →
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-46403
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33
References
More klever-io vulnerabilities
- TI-2026-40253 Klever-Go: SFT add-quantity `int64` overflow bypasses a finite per-nonce MaxSupply CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
- TI-2026-40252 Klever-Go: Percentage-transfer royalty skips the source debit at exactly-100% splits CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
- TI-2026-58874 Klever-Go: /log controls global node logging CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.6
- TI-2026-32588 Klever-Go MultiDataInterceptor: remote OOM via crafted compressed P2P payload CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.6
- TI-2026-39560 Integer underflow in klever-io klever-go CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.6
- TI-2026-58875 Resource allocation without limits in klever-io klever-go CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
Sources
- CVE-2026-46403 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-46403 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33 · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences