Read the docs
TI-2026-39958 Aliases CVE-2026-55380GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm

Pillow GdImageFile decompression bomb protection bypass

Priority HIGH 72CWE-789Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 32 fixed, 8 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-789.

Summary

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/GdImageFile.py GdImageFile._open() read image dimensions from the GD 2.x header and stored them in self._size without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a crafted .gd file to trigger excessive C-heap allocation when loaded. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00518 44th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD
Fix Partial Pillow (python-pillow): 12.3.0pillow (PyPI): 12.3.0Red Hat: 39 advisoriesRed Hat: 32 fixed, 8 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
python-pillowPillowbefore 12.3.012.3.0Patch availableCNA
—pillow (PyPI)before 12.3.012.3.0Patch availableGHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm
  • Pillow Vendorpython-pillow Affected before 12.3.0 Fixed in 12.3.0 Patch available CNA
  • pillow (PyPI) Vendor— Affected before 12.3.0 Fixed in 12.3.0 Patch available GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:python:pillow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 12.3.0Vulnerablepython-pillow
  • cpe:2.3:a:python:pillow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 12.3.0 Vulnerable ·python-pillow

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Pillow (python-pillow) Fixed in 12.3.0
  • Fix · GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm pillow (PyPI) Fixed in 12.3.0 Advisory →

Red Hat 39 advisories

  • RHSA-2026:81110 Released 2026-10-12 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.18.1
    • Red Hat Quay 3.18 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-builder-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:76150 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.4.5 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-aws-cuda-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-azure-cuda-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-azure-rocm-rhel9 +3
  • RHSA-2026:76149 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.4.5 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9
Show 36 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2026:70996 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Model Optimization Tools 3.4.5 (cuda)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/model-opt-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:70995 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (rocm)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:70979 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (cuda)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:70969 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (spyre)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:70965 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (cpu)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:70267 Released 2026-09-22 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.14.9
    • Red Hat Quay 3.14 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel8
  • RHSA-2026:69469 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (rocm)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:69468 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Model Optimization Tools 3.4.5 (cuda)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/model-opt-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:69467 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (cuda)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:69466 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (cpu)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:69464 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.4.5 (spyre)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:69255 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.16.6
    • Red Hat Quay 3.16 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:62336 Released 2026-09-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3.6 enhancement update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-aws-cuda-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-azure-cuda-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-azure-rocm-rhel9 +3
  • RHSA-2026:62335 Released 2026-09-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3.6 enhancement update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:61629 Released 2026-08-31 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (ROCm)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:61628 Released 2026-08-31 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server Model Optimization Tools 3.2.2 (CUDA)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:61627 Released 2026-08-31 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (CUDA)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:60520 Released 2026-08-27 · Red Hat rating Critical
    RHOAI 3.4.4 - Red Hat OpenShift AI
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhoai/odh-automl-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhoai/odh-autorag-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhoai/odh-built-in-detector-rhel9 +47
  • RHSA-2026:59518 Released 2026-08-25 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server Model Optimization Tools 3.3.6 (CUDA)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:54395 Released 2026-08-12 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.17.4
    • Red Hat Quay 3.17 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:53520 Released 2026-08-11 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.10.25
    • Red Hat Quay 3.10 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel8
  • RHSA-2026:52968 Released 2026-08-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.12.21
    • Red Hat Quay 3.12 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel8
  • RHSA-2026:52551 Released 2026-08-10 · Red Hat rating Important
    python-pillow security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) python-pillow-5.1.1-15.el8_4.2, python3-pillow-5.1.1-15.el8_4.2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) python-pillow-5.1.1-15.el8_4.2, python3-pillow-5.1.1-15.el8_4.2
  • RHSA-2026:50931 Released 2026-08-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.9.25
    • Red Hat Quay 3.9 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel8
  • RHSA-2026:50479 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 Container Release Update
    • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-26/controller-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-26/de-minimal-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-26/de-supported-rhel9 +7
  • RHSA-2026:50336 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 Product Security and Bug Fix Update
    • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 10 receptor-1.6.7-1.el10ap, receptorctl-1.6.7-1.el10ap
    • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9 automation-controller-4.7.15-2.el9ap, automation-controller-cli-4.7.15-2.el9ap, automation-controller-server-4.7.15-2.el9ap +15
  • RHSA-2026:50340 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.7 Container Release Update
    • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.7 registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-27/controller-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-27/de-minimal-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-27/de-supported-rhel9 +7
  • RHSA-2026:50319 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 Product Security and Bug Fix Update
    • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 automation-controller-venv-tower-4.6.31-1.el8ap, automation-eda-controller-1.1.21-1.el8ap, automation-eda-controller-base-1.1.21-1.el8ap +11
    • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 automation-controller-venv-tower-4.6.31-1.el9ap, automation-eda-controller-1.1.21-1.el9ap, automation-eda-controller-base-1.1.21-1.el9ap +11
  • RHSA-2026:50263 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Satellite 6.18.8 Async Update
    • Red Hat Satellite 6.18 for RHEL 9 openvox-agent-8.24.1-3.el9sat, openvox-server-8.14.1-1.el9sat, python3.12-pillow-12.3.0-1.el9pc +5
  • RHSA-2026:50223 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Satellite 6.16.12 Async Update
    • Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8 libsolv-1:0.7.20-7.el8sat, openvox-agent-8.24.1-3.el8sat, openvox-server-8.14.1-1.el8sat +9
    • Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9 openvox-agent-8.24.1-3.el9sat, openvox-server-8.14.1-1.el9sat, python-pillow-12.3.0-1.el9pc +7
  • RHSA-2026:50222 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Satellite 6.17.10 Async Update
    • Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9 openvox-agent-8.24.1-3.el9sat, openvox-server-8.14.1-1.el9sat, python-pillow-12.3.0-1.el9pc +7
  • RHSA-2026:50221 Released 2026-08-04 · Red Hat rating Important
    Satellite 6.19.3 Async Update
    • Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9 openvox-server-8.14.1-1.el9sat, python3.12-pillow-12.3.0-1.el9pc, rubygem-faraday-1.10.6-1.el9sat +2
  • RHSA-2026:48759 Released 2026-07-31 · Red Hat rating Important
    python-pillow security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) python-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_8, python3-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_8
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) python-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_8, python3-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_8
  • RHSA-2026:48760 Released 2026-07-31 · Red Hat rating Important
    python-pillow security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) python-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_6, python3-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.6) python-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_6, python3-pillow-5.1.1-20.el8_6
  • RHSA-2026:48933 Released 2026-07-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat Quay 3.15.7
    • Red Hat Quay 3.15 registry.redhat.io/quay/quay-rhel8
  • RHSA-2026:39127 Released 2026-07-14 · Red Hat rating Important
    python-pillow security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) python-pillow-5.1.1-22.el8_10, python3-pillow-5.1.1-22.el8_10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) python3-pillow-5.1.1-22.el8_10, python3-pillow-devel-5.1.1-22.el8_10, python3-pillow-doc-5.1.1-22.el8_10 +1

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Exploit IntelligenceAffectedNo fix yet
Lightspeed CoreAffectedNo fix yet
OpenShift LightspeedAffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat AI Inference ServerAffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3AffectedNo fix planned: Will not fix
Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Satellite 6AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2Fixed RHSA-2026:61627, RHSA-2026:61628, RHSA-2026:61629
Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3Fixed RHSA-2026:59518
Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.4Fixed RHSA-2026:69464, RHSA-2026:69466, RHSA-2026:69467, RHSA-2026:69468, RHSA-2026:69469, RHSA-2026:70965, RHSA-2026:70969, RHSA-2026:70979, RHSA-2026:70995, RHSA-2026:70996
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2026:50319
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2026:50319
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6Fixed RHSA-2026:50479
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2026:50336
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.7Fixed RHSA-2026:50340
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3Fixed RHSA-2026:62335, RHSA-2026:62336
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.4Fixed RHSA-2026:76149, RHSA-2026:76150
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2026:39127
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:52551
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:48760
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2026:48759
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:52551
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:48760
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2026:48759
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2026:39127
Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4Fixed RHSA-2026:60520
Red Hat Quay 3.10Fixed RHSA-2026:53520
Red Hat Quay 3.12Fixed RHSA-2026:52968
Red Hat Quay 3.14Fixed RHSA-2026:70267
Red Hat Quay 3.15Fixed RHSA-2026:48933
Red Hat Quay 3.16Fixed RHSA-2026:69255
Red Hat Quay 3.17Fixed RHSA-2026:54395
Red Hat Quay 3.18Fixed RHSA-2026:81110
Red Hat Quay 3.9Fixed RHSA-2026:50931
Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2026:50223
Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2026:50223
Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2026:50222
Red Hat Satellite 6.18 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2026:50263
Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2026:50221
Not affected: 26 products
  • OpenShift Lightspeed
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 10
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.7
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4
  • Red Hat Quay 3.10
  • Red Hat Quay 3.12
  • Red Hat Quay 3.14
  • Red Hat Quay 3.15
  • Red Hat Quay 3.16
  • Red Hat Quay 3.17
  • Red Hat Quay 3.18
  • Red Hat Quay 3.9
  • Red Hat Satellite 6
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.18 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-55380
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm
  3. 2026-10-06 Fix available: RHSA-2026:76149 · Red Hat
  4. 2026-10-06 Fix available: RHSA-2026:76150 · Red Hat
  5. 2026-10-06 Fix available: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.4 · Red Hat
  6. 2026-10-07 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  7. 2026-10-09 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  8. 2026-10-13 Fix available: RHSA-2026:81110 · Red Hat
  9. 2026-10-13 Fix available: Red Hat Quay 3.18 · Red Hat

References

Exploit 1

Patch 1

Advisory 1

Other 3

  • TI-2026-76627 Out-of-bounds read in Pillow TIFF encoder ColorMap handling CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2026-76625 Quadratic-time denial of service in Pillow PDF save_all CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2026-76605 NULL pointer dereference in Pillow's Image.merge function CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2026-76604 Out-of-bounds read in Pillow TIFF decoding leaks heap memory CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2026-76602 Double free in Pillow ImagingScaleAffine on allocation failure CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2026-76600 GIF seek in Pillow keeps rejected size, allowing denial of service CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
See all 110 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences