TI-2026-40126 Aliases CVE-2026-55588 GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx

ORAS CLI: Cyclic Referrer Graph Can Cause Unbounded Recursion and Resource Consumption

LOW 30CWE-400Published 2026-08-25 · Updated 2026-08-27

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: None
User interaction: Required
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: None · None · High
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-400.

Summary

ORAS (OCI Registry As Storage) is a CLI and library for managing artifacts in OCI registries. In ORAS CLI versions up to and including 1.3.2, the recursive referrer traversal does not track visited descriptors, so a malicious OCI registry that returns a cyclic referrer graph causes unbounded recursion and memory growth. This affects oras discover, whose recursive traversal is enabled by default because the --depth option defaults to 0 (unlimited), as well as the recursive referrer counting used by the oras backup and oras restore workflows. A cyclic graph can be as simple as A referring to B and B referring back to A. A malicious registry can use this to cause a client-side denial of service, exhausting CPU and memory and hanging automation or CI/CD pipelines that run ORAS against untrusted registry metadata. The vulnerability does not extend to code execution, artifact substitution, or integrity bypass. This issue has been fixed in version 1.3.3.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.00538 45th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Fix Fixed oras (oras-project): 1.3.3oras.land/oras (Go): 1.3.3

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: None
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
oras-project	oras	before 1.3.3	1.3.3	Patch available	CNA
—	oras.land/oras (Go)	before 1.3.3	1.3.3	Patch available	GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx

oras Vendororas-project Affected before 1.3.3 Fixed in 1.3.3 Patch available CNA
oras.land/oras (Go) Vendor— Affected before 1.3.3 Fixed in 1.3.3 Patch available GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx

Remediation

Fix · CNA oras (oras-project) Fixed in 1.3.3
Fix · GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx oras.land/oras (Go) Fixed in 1.3.3 Advisory →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Not affected: 1 product

Red Hat

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-55588
2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx

References

Advisory 1

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55588

Other 3

TI-2026-58829 oras-go: Arbitrary file write outside file.Store root via symlink-chain bypass in tar extraction (pushDir) CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
TI-2026-36926 oras-go: file store write outside workingDir via symlink traversal CVSS 4.0MEDIUM 6.9
TI-2026-36927 Path traversal in oras-project oras-go CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.1
TI-2026-58830 oras-go: Blind SSRF via unvalidated Link header URL in pagination allows internal network probing CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 4.7
TI-2026-36234 oras-go: Malicious registry can hijack Bearer token realm to exfiltrate credentials and refresh tokens CVSS 4.0LOW 2.1

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences