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TI-2026-51273 Aliases CVE-2026-73066

Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write in LSTM Convolve layer via crafted .traineddata

Priority LOW 29CWE-787Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Active
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Impact type
—
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · High · High
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat.

Summary

Tesseract is an open source OCR engine. Prior to 5.5.3, a crafted .traineddata LSTM model component loaded through Tesseract's deserializer can cause an unchecked signed integer multiplication in Convolve::DeSerialize in src/lstm/convolve.cpp to wrap the convolution output-channel count, undersizing the forward-pass output buffer while writes use the unwrapped element count and causing a heap out-of-bounds write during OCR recognition. This issue is fixed in version 5.5.3.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00126 2nd percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed tesseract (tesseract-ocr): 5.5.3Red Hat: 59 advisories

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
tesseract-ocrtesseractbefore 5.5.35.5.3Patch availableCNA
  • tesseract Vendortesseract-ocr Affected before 5.5.3 Fixed in 5.5.3 Patch available CNA

CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1

Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:tesseract-ocr:tesseract_ocr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*——tesseract-ocr
  • cpe:2.3:a:tesseract-ocr:tesseract_ocr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·tesseract-ocr

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA tesseract (tesseract-ocr) Fixed in 5.5.3

Red Hat 59 advisories

  • RHSA-2026:92452 Released 2026-10-29 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.5.2 enhancement update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-aws-cuda-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-azure-cuda-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/bootc-azure-rocm-rhel9 +3
  • RHSA-2026:92449 Released 2026-10-29 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.5.2 enhancement update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:82415 Released 2026-10-13 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.5.2 (cpu)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-cpu-rhel9
Show 56 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2026:82371 Released 2026-10-13 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.5.2 (spyre)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:82368 Released 2026-10-13 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.5.2 (cuda)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:82066 Released 2026-10-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Model Optimization Tools 3.5.2 (CUDA)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/model-opt-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:82061 Released 2026-10-13 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat AI Inference Tech Preview 3.5.2 (Gaudi)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-gaudi-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:82059 Released 2026-10-13 · Red Hat rating Critical
    Red Hat AI Inference 3.5.2 (ROCm)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhaii/vllm-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:81127 Released 2026-10-12 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.5 (CUDA 12.9)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-12.9-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:80756 Released 2026-10-12 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.5 (CUDA 13.0)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-13.0-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:76042 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (CUDA)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-12.9-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75660 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (Spyre)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75659 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (ROCm 7.14)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-7.14-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75658 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (TPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-tpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75657 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (CUDA 13.0)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-13.0-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75655 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (Rubin)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rubin-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75654 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (Neuron)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-neuron-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:75652 Released 2026-10-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (CPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74771 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.5.2 (Gaudi)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-gaudi-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74688 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (ROCm 6.4)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-6.4-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74687 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (ROCm 7.1)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-7.1-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74685 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (CUDA 12.9)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-12.9-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74683 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (CUDA 13.0)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-13.0-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74681 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (Spyre)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74679 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (CPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74678 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (Gaudi)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-gaudi-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74677 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (TPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-tpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74674 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.4.3 (Neuron)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-neuron-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74463 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.2.3 (ROCm 7.0)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74462 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.2.3 (CUDA 12.9)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74461 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.2.3 (Spyre)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74460 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.2.3 (CPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74459 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.2.3 (ROCm 6.4)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74458 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.2.3 (TPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-tpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74450 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (Neuron)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-neuron-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74365 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (Spyre)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74364 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (CUDA 12.9)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-12.9-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74363 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (ROCm 7.0)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-7.0-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74362 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (CUDA 13.0)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-13.0-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74361 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (ROCm 6.4)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-6.4-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74360 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (TPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-tpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:74359 Released 2026-10-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.3.4 (CPU)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73962 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.0.3 (cuda)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.0 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73961 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.0.3 (spyre)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.0 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-spyre-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73960 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.0.3 (cpu)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.0 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-cpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73959 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.0.3 (tpu)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.0 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-tpu-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73930 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (rocm)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73929 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (cuda)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73909 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Base Images 3.0.3 (rocm)
    • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.0 registry.redhat.io/rhai/base-image-rocm-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:73859 Released 2026-09-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat AI Inference Server Model Optimization Tools 3.2.2 (CUDA)
    • Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9
  • RHSA-2026:72280 Released 2026-09-28 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) tesseract-4.1.1-7.el9_2.1
  • RHSA-2026:71567 Released 2026-09-24 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6) tesseract-devel-4.1.1-7.el9_6.1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) tesseract-4.1.1-7.el9_6.1
  • RHSA-2026:71568 Released 2026-09-24 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.4) tesseract-4.1.1-7.el9_4.1
  • RHSA-2026:71566 Released 2026-09-24 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) tesseract-5.3.4-6.el10_0.1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0) tesseract-devel-5.3.4-6.el10_0.1
  • RHSA-2026:69495 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) tesseract-4.1.1-2.el8_6.1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.6) tesseract-4.1.1-2.el8_6.1
  • RHSA-2026:69111 Released 2026-09-21 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) tesseract-4.1.1-2.el8_8.1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) tesseract-4.1.1-2.el8_8.1
  • RHSA-2026:67831 Released 2026-09-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) tesseract-4.1.1-8.el9_8
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) tesseract-devel-4.1.1-8.el9_8
  • RHSA-2026:67830 Released 2026-09-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) tesseract-5.3.4-7.el10_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) tesseract-devel-5.3.4-7.el10_2
  • RHSA-2026:67832 Released 2026-09-16 · Red Hat rating Important
    tesseract security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) tesseract-4.1.1-3.el8_10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) tesseract-devel-4.1.1-3.el8_10

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2Fixed RHSA-2026:73859, RHSA-2026:73929, RHSA-2026:73930
Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5Fixed RHSA-2026:82059, RHSA-2026:82061, RHSA-2026:82066, RHSA-2026:82368, RHSA-2026:82371, RHSA-2026:82415
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:71567
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.5Fixed RHSA-2026:92449, RHSA-2026:92452
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2026:67830
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2026:67832
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2026:67831
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:69495
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2026:69111
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:72280
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:71568
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:71566
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:71567
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:69495
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2026:69111
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2026:67832
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10)Fixed RHSA-2026:67830
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2026:67831
Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:71566
Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.0Fixed RHSA-2026:73909, RHSA-2026:73959, RHSA-2026:73960, RHSA-2026:73961, RHSA-2026:73962
Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.2Fixed RHSA-2026:74458, RHSA-2026:74459, RHSA-2026:74460, RHSA-2026:74461, RHSA-2026:74462, RHSA-2026:74463
Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3Fixed RHSA-2026:74359, RHSA-2026:74360, RHSA-2026:74361, RHSA-2026:74362, RHSA-2026:74363, RHSA-2026:74364, RHSA-2026:74365, RHSA-2026:74450, RHSA-2026:80756, RHSA-2026:81127
Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4Fixed RHSA-2026:74674, RHSA-2026:74677, RHSA-2026:74678, RHSA-2026:74679, RHSA-2026:74681, RHSA-2026:74683, RHSA-2026:74685, RHSA-2026:74687, RHSA-2026:74688
Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.5Fixed RHSA-2026:74771, RHSA-2026:75652, RHSA-2026:75654, RHSA-2026:75655, RHSA-2026:75657, RHSA-2026:75658, RHSA-2026:75659, RHSA-2026:75660, RHSA-2026:76042

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-73066
  2. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75659 · Red Hat
  3. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75660 · Red Hat
  4. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75655 · Red Hat
  5. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75657 · Red Hat
  6. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75654 · Red Hat
  7. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75652 · Red Hat
  8. 2026-10-05 Fix available: RHSA-2026:75658 · Red Hat
  9. 2026-10-05 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  10. 2026-10-06 Fix available: RHSA-2026:76042 · Red Hat
  11. 2026-10-06 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  12. 2026-10-13 Fix available: RHSA-2026:82066 · Red Hat
  13. 2026-10-13 Fix available: RHSA-2026:80756 · Red Hat
  14. 2026-10-13 Fix available: RHSA-2026:81127 · Red Hat
  15. 2026-10-13 Fix available: RHSA-2026:82061 · Red Hat
  16. 2026-10-13 Fix available: RHSA-2026:82059 · Red Hat
  17. 2026-10-13 Fix available: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 · Red Hat
  18. 2026-10-14 Fix available: RHSA-2026:82368 · Red Hat
  19. 2026-10-14 Fix available: RHSA-2026:82415 · Red Hat
  20. 2026-10-14 Fix available: RHSA-2026:82371 · Red Hat
  21. 2026-10-15 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  22. 2026-10-30 Fix available: RHSA-2026:92452 · Red Hat
  23. 2026-10-30 Fix available: RHSA-2026:92449 · Red Hat
  24. 2026-10-30 Fix available: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.5 · Red Hat

References

Other 4

  • TI-2026-60073 Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write in Classify::ReadIntTemplates via unvalidated counts in crafted .traineddata CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.6
  • TI-2026-60071 Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write in GenericVector<T>::read due to independent reserved/size_used_ fields CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.6
  • TI-2026-60069 Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write in LSTM::Forward via na_/gate-matrix dimension mismatch CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.6
  • TI-2026-60068 Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write/read in FullyConnected::Forward via layer/weight-matrix dimension mismatch CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.6
  • TI-2026-83384 Double free and use after free in Tesseract PAGE XML renderer CVSS 4.0MEDIUM 6.9
  • TI-2026-60074 Tesseract: Denial of service via empty-stack dereference in Plumbing/Series at model load CVSS 4.0MEDIUM 6.9
See all 16 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences