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TI-2026-61846 Aliases CVE-2026-91006GHSA-2wpj-35wr-vch7

Apache Karaf: OS Command Injection in Child-Instance Launch (instance:* / InstancesMBean)

Priority MEDIUM 42CWE-78Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-78.

Summary

Apache Karaf's instance-management service (InstanceServiceImpl) builds the command line used to launch a child Karaf JVM by string concatenation, then executes it through /bin/sh (Unix) or cscript (Windows). The caller-supplied javaOpts value is spliced into that string unquoted. A javaOpts value containing shell metacharacters (;, |, `, $(...)) is interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to the JVM as an option, giving arbitrary OS command execution as the Karaf process user. Reachable via the shell commands instance:create, instance:start, instance:restart, instance:change-opts, and the equivalent InstanceMBean JMX operations (createInstance, startInstance, changeJavaOpts, cloneInstance). Mitigation  * Set karaf.secured.command.compulsory.roles=admin in etc/system.properties to close the fail-open gap for all unconfigured command scopes. * Restrict which principals can reach instance:* commands and InstancesMBean via etc/users.properties role assignments. * Treat javaOpts passed to instance:create/instance:start/instance:change-opts/InstancesMBean as untrusted input only from fully-trusted operators.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.01135 66th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed Apache Karaf (Apache Software Foundation): 4.4.12

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
ApacheApache Karafbefore 4.4.124.4.12Patch availableCNA
  • Apache Karaf VendorApache Affected before 4.4.12 Fixed in 4.4.12 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:apache:karaf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 4.4.12VulnerableApache
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:karaf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 4.4.12 Vulnerable ·Apache

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Apache Karaf (Apache Software Foundation) Fixed in 4.4.12

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

  • Release ·

    Apache Karaf 4.4.12

    2 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 1 MEDIUM, 1 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2026-61828 Apache Karaf: LDAP filter injection in JAAS LDAP login modulesPriority LOW 38
    Show all 2 records →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Not affected: 1 product
  • Red Hat Fuse 7

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-91006
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-2wpj-35wr-vch7

References

Advisory 2

  • TI-2022-19035 Apache Karaf: JDBC JAAS LDAP injection CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2018-08445 XML external entity injection in Apache Karaf CVSS 3.0CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-61863 Missing authorization in Apache Karaf CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-61851 Apache Karaf: Path Traversal in Config Service Allows Manager-to-Admin Privilege Escalation CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2020-17076 An issue was discovered in Legion of the Bouncy Castle BC Java 1.65 and 1.66. CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.1
  • TI-2018-08443 Improper privilege management in Apache Karaf CVSS 3.0HIGH 8.8
See all 17 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences