Read the docs
TI-2026-73300 Aliases CVE-2026-102227GHSA-h9r3-9296-r88g

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows ReFS allows local code execution

Priority LOW 36CWE-122Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Microsoft. Impact type from Microsoft.

Summary

Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607, Windows 10 Version 1809, Windows 10 Version 21H2, Windows 10 Version 22H2, Windows 11 version 23H2, and other products are affected. A heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) lets an authorized attacker execute code locally. Microsoft rates exploitation less likely.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-03

Description from the CNA

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00353 29th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed Microsoft: 8 updates

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 160710.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.961210.0.14393.9612Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 180910.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.937610.0.17763.9376Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 21H210.0.19044.0 to before 10.0.19044.780710.0.19044.7807Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 22H210.0.19045.0 to before 10.0.19045.780710.0.19045.7807Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 11 version 23H210.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.765210.0.22631.7652Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 11 Version 23H210.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.765210.0.22631.7652Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 11 Version 24H210.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.971110.0.26100.9711Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 11 Version 25H210.0.26200.0 to before 10.0.26200.971110.0.26200.9711Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 11 version 26H110.0.28000.0 to before 10.0.28000.323110.0.28000.3231Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows 11 Version 26H210.0.26300.0 to before 10.0.26300.971110.0.26300.9711Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 201610.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.961210.0.14393.9612Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.961210.0.14393.9612Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 201910.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.937610.0.17763.9376Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.937610.0.17763.9376Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 202210.0.20348.0 to before 10.0.20348.576110.0.20348.5761Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 202510.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.3365010.0.26100.33650Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.3365010.0.26100.33650Patch availableCNA
  • Windows 10 Version 1607 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.9612 Fixed in 10.0.14393.9612 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 10 Version 1809 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.9376 Fixed in 10.0.17763.9376 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 10 Version 21H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.19044.0 to before 10.0.19044.7807 Fixed in 10.0.19044.7807 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 10 Version 22H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.19045.0 to before 10.0.19045.7807 Fixed in 10.0.19045.7807 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 11 version 23H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.7652 Fixed in 10.0.22631.7652 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 11 Version 23H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.22631.0 to before 10.0.22631.7652 Fixed in 10.0.22631.7652 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 11 Version 24H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.9711 Fixed in 10.0.26100.9711 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 11 Version 25H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26200.0 to before 10.0.26200.9711 Fixed in 10.0.26200.9711 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 11 version 26H1 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.28000.0 to before 10.0.28000.3231 Fixed in 10.0.28000.3231 Patch available CNA
  • Windows 11 Version 26H2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26300.0 to before 10.0.26300.9711 Fixed in 10.0.26300.9711 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2016 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.9612 Fixed in 10.0.14393.9612 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.9612 Fixed in 10.0.14393.9612 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2019 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.9376 Fixed in 10.0.17763.9376 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.9376 Fixed in 10.0.17763.9376 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2022 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.20348.0 to before 10.0.20348.5761 Fixed in 10.0.20348.5761 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2025 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.33650 Fixed in 10.0.26100.33650 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.33650 Fixed in 10.0.26100.33650 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 24

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.14393.9612VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*before 10.0.14393.9612VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.17763.9376VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*before 10.0.17763.9376VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.19044.7807VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.19044.7807VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*before 10.0.19044.7807VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.19045.7807VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.19045.7807VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*before 10.0.19045.7807VulnerableMicrosoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.14393.9612 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* Versions before 10.0.14393.9612 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.17763.9376 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* Versions before 10.0.17763.9376 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.19044.7807 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.19044.7807 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* Versions before 10.0.19044.7807 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.19045.7807 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.19045.7807 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* Versions before 10.0.19045.7807 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
Show 14 more CPE
CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.22631.7652VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.22631.7652VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.26100.9711VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.26100.9711VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.26200.9711VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.26200.9711VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h1:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.28000.3231VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h1:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.28000.3231VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*before 10.0.26300.9711VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.26300.9711VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.14393.9612VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.17763.9376VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.20348.5761VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*before 10.0.26100.33650VulnerableMicrosoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.22631.7652 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.22631.7652 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.26100.9711 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.26100.9711 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.26200.9711 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.26200.9711 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h1:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.28000.3231 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h1:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.28000.3231 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:* Versions before 10.0.26300.9711 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_26h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.26300.9711 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.14393.9612 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.17763.9376 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.20348.5761 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* Versions before 10.0.26100.33650 Vulnerable ·Microsoft

Remediation

Apply 10.0.14393.9612 (KB5126868) to Windows 10 Version 1607 and Windows Server 2016, 10.0.17763.9376 (KB5126651) to Windows 10 Version 1809 and Windows Server 2019, 10.0.19044.7807 (KB5126657) to Windows 10 Version 21H2, 10.0.19045.7807 (KB5126657) to Windows 10 Version 22H2, 10.0.20348.5761 (KB5126655) to Windows Server 2022, 10.0.22631.7652 (KB5126653) to Windows 11 Version 23H2, 10.0.26100.9711 (KB5127648) to Windows 11 Version 24H2, 10.0.26200.9711 (KB5127648) to Windows 11 Version 25H2, 10.0.26300.9711 (KB5127648) to Windows 11 Version 26H2, and 10.0.28000.3231 (KB5127646) to Windows 11 version 26H1.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-03

Microsoft 8 updates

  • KB5127648
    Security Update
    • Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.26100.9711
    • Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26100.9711
    • Windows 11 Version 25H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.26200.9711
    • Windows 11 Version 25H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26200.9711
    • Windows 11 Version 26H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.26300.9711
    • Windows 11 Version 26H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26300.9711
  • KB5127646
    Security Update
    • Windows 11 Version 26H1 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.28000.3231
    • Windows 11 version 26H1 for x64-based Systems 10.0.28000.3231
  • KB5126868
    Security Update
    • Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 2.0.50727.8987 AND 3.0.30729.8982 AND 4.7.4150.0
    • Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.9612
    • Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems 10.0.14393.9612
    • Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.9612
    • Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.9612
Show 5 more Microsoft updates
  • KB5126657
    Security Update
    • Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.19044.7807
    • Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7807
    • Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7807
    • Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.19044.7807, 10.0.19045.7807
    • Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7807, 10.0.19045.7807
    • Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7807, 10.0.19045.7807
  • KB5126655
    Security Update
    • Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5761
    • Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) 10.0.20348.5761
  • KB5126653
    Security Update
    • Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22631.7652
    • Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.22631.7652
  • KB5126651
    Security Update
    • Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.17763.9376
    • Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems 10.0.17763.9376
    • Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.9376
    • Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.9376
  • KB5126646
    Security Update
    • Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.33650
    • Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.33650

Vendor assessments

Microsoft

Microsoft's page for this CVE →

Impact
Remote Code Execution
Exploited
No
Publicly disclosed
No
Exploitability
Exploitation Less Likely

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-13 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-102227
  2. 2026-10-13 Alias added: GHSA-h9r3-9296-r88g
  3. 2026-10-14 CISA SSVC decision points changed
  4. 2026-10-14 Priority changed: MEDIUM → LOW
  5. 2026-10-16 Fix available: Microsoft/Windows 10 Version [email protected] · CNA
  6. 2026-11-03 Fix available: KB5126646, KB5126651, KB5126653 +5 · Microsoft

References

Patch 1

  • TI-2026-26194 Windows Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Service Extensions Remote Code Execution Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2017-06077 Microsoft Windows XP SP3, Windows XP x64 XP2, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-73128 Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2026-17367 MSHTML Framework Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2026-17364 Windows Shell Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2025-24062 Windows SMB Client Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
See all 3427 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences