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Quadratic time in markdown-it smartquotes causes denial of service

Priority HIGH 72CWE-400Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 6 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-400.

Summary

markdown-it versions from 15.0.0 before 15.0.2 and versions before 14.3.2 are affected when the typographer option is enabled. Specially crafted Markdown with many unmatched closing quotes makes the smartquotes rule take quadratic processing time (CWE-407). An unauthenticated remote attacker can cause denial of service in applications that process untrusted input. The default configuration with typographer set to false is not affected.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-28

Description from the CNA

markdown-it is a Markdown parser. Prior to 14.3.2 and 15.0.2, when typographer: true is enabled, specially crafted Markdown can cause quadratic processing time in the smartquotes rule, potentially leading to denial of service in applications processing untrusted input. Many opening double quotes followed by unmatched closing single quotes cause repeated scans of the entire opener stack. The same issue occurs with the quote types reversed. The default configuration (typographer: false) is not affected, but this option is enabled with high probability. This issue is fixed in versions 14.3.2 and 15.0.2.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00591 48th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial markdown-it (markdown-it): 15.0.2, 14.3.2markdown-it (npm): 15.0.2, 14.3.2Red Hat: 6 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
markdown-itmarkdown-it15.0.0 to before 15.0.2; before 14.3.215.0.2, 14.3.2Patch availableCNA
—markdown-it (npm)15.0.0 to before 15.0.215.0.2Patch availableGHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
—markdown-it (npm)before 14.3.214.3.2Patch availableGHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  • markdown-it Vendormarkdown-it Affected 15.0.0 to before 15.0.2; before 14.3.2 Fixed in 15.0.2, 14.3.2 Patch available CNA
  • markdown-it (npm) Vendor— Affected 15.0.0 to before 15.0.2 Fixed in 15.0.2 Patch available GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  • markdown-it (npm) Vendor— Affected before 14.3.2 Fixed in 14.3.2 Patch available GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7

CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1

Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:markdown-it_project:markdown-it:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*——Markdown-it Project
  • cpe:2.3:a:markdown-it_project:markdown-it:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·Markdown-it Project

Remediation

Upgrade the npm package markdown-it to 15.0.2 in the 15.x branch and to 14.3.2 in the 14.x branch. Red Hat has no plan to fix markdown-it in Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop, Red Hat Ceph Storage 9, Red Hat Developer Hub 1, Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI), Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces and Self-service automation portal 2.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-28

  • Fix · CNA markdown-it (markdown-it) Fixed in 15.0.2, 14.3.2
  • Fix · GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7 markdown-it (npm) Fixed in 15.0.2 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7 markdown-it (npm) Fixed in 14.3.2 Advisory →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Build of Podman DesktopAffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Ceph Storage 9AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Developer Hub 1AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat OpenShift Dev SpacesAffectedNo fix yet
Self-service automation portal 2AffectedNo fix yet
Not affected: 2 products
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1
  • Red Hat Hardened Images

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-19 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-111759
  2. 2026-10-20 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  3. 2026-10-20 CVSS score added · Red Hat
  4. 2026-10-20 Alias added: GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  5. 2026-10-20 Fix available: npm/[email protected], npm/[email protected] · GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  6. 2026-10-20 CVSS score added · GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  7. 2026-10-20 Weakness changed · GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  8. 2026-10-20 8 new references · GHSA-r7fv-28h4-cvq7
  9. 2026-10-21 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  10. 2026-10-27 Affected versions changed · Red Hat

References

  • TI-2026-36071 linkify-it: Quadratic algorithmic complexity in LinkifyIt#match scan loop CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2026-78161 Quadratic-time parsing in markdown-it link reference definitions CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-42701 linkify-it: Quadratic-complexity DoS via the `mailto:` validator scan-loop on attacker text CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2025-07289 Markdown-it 14.1.0 - Cross-site scripting (XSS) CVSS 4.0MEDIUM 6.9
  • TI-2026-36244 markdown-it: Quadratic complexity DoS in smartquotes rule via replaceAt string operations CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 5.3
  • TI-2022-06047 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in markdown-it CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 5.3
See all 7 →

Sources