TI-2026-79334 Aliases CVE-2026-114610 GHSA-wqw6-wpr3-45rh

Exponential SVG use expansion exhausts CPU and memory in fpdf2

MEDIUM 62CWE-400Published 2026-10-22 · Updated 2026-10-29

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: None · None · High
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-400.

Summary

The fpdf2 PDF creation library for Python, from 2.5.0 before 2.8.8, deep copies nested SVG use references during FPDF.image() processing. Repeated references at each nesting level make the object count and processing work grow exponentially (CWE-400). A user with low privileges who supplies a small crafted SVG can exhaust CPU and memory, raising MemoryError and failing PDF generation jobs.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-29

Description from the CNA

fpdf2 is a PDF creation library for Python. From 2.5.0 until 2.8.8, fpdf2's SVGObject.build_xref() passes nested SVG <use> references to GraphicsContext.add_item(), whose default clone=True deep-copy behavior copies the complete referenced graphics tree during FPDF.image() processing. Repeating references at each nesting level makes the in-memory object count and processing work grow exponentially, allowing a small user-controlled SVG to consume excessive CPU and memory, raise MemoryError, fail PDF generation jobs, and reduce or exhaust worker capacity. ResourceAccessPolicy does not prevent the issue because the references are inline and require no external resource, XML entity, local file, or permissive network setting. This issue is fixed in version 2.8.8.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.00459 39th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Fix Fixed fpdf2 (py-pdf): 2.8.8fpdf2 (PyPI): 2.8.8

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: Poc
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
py-pdf	fpdf2	2.5.0 to before 2.8.8	2.8.8	Patch available	CNA
—	fpdf2 (PyPI)	2.5.0 to before 2.8.8	2.8.8	Patch available	GHSA-wqw6-wpr3-45rh

fpdf2 Vendorpy-pdf Affected 2.5.0 to before 2.8.8 Fixed in 2.8.8 Patch available CNA
fpdf2 (PyPI) Vendor— Affected 2.5.0 to before 2.8.8 Fixed in 2.8.8 Patch available GHSA-wqw6-wpr3-45rh

Remediation

Upgrade fpdf2 to version 2.8.8 or later, which fixes the flaw in the PyPI package.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-29

Fix · CNA fpdf2 (py-pdf) Fixed in 2.8.8
Fix · GHSA-wqw6-wpr3-45rh fpdf2 (PyPI) Fixed in 2.8.8 Advisory →

Timeline

2026-10-22 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-114610
2026-10-23 Priority changed: MEDIUM → LOW
2026-10-27 Alias added: GHSA-wqw6-wpr3-45rh
2026-10-29 CISA SSVC decision points changed
2026-10-29 Priority changed: LOW → MEDIUM

References

Advisory 1

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-114610

Other 5

TI-2023-18601 Infinite Loop when reading malformed objects in pypdf CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.5
TI-2023-18305 Infinite Loop when a comment isn't followed by a character in pypdf CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.2
TI-2022-08670 Manipulated inline images can cause Infinite Loop in PyPDF2 CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 6.2
TI-2026-42743 pypdf: Possible infinite loop for not terminated inline images CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
TI-2026-42742 pypdf: Possible infinite loop for not terminated inline images (ASCII85 and ASCIIHex filter) CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
TI-2026-65557 pypdf: Possible large memory usage when retrieving alphabetical page labels CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7

See all 73 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences