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Denial of service in Forge TLS record processing via stack exhaustion

Priority HIGH 72CWE-674Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 13 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-674.

Summary

Forge (node-forge) before 1.4.1 is affected. Its TLS record processing handles received records recursively, using one call stack frame per record in a single input chunk (CWE-674). A remote peer can send thousands of small records together to exhaust the call stack, causing an uncaught exception and denial of service. A public exploit is linked in the references.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-07

Description from the CNA

Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, the affected implementation used forge.tls.createConnection(), TLS record processing, process() to process the relevant input or security decision. node-forge processed received TLS records recursively, consuming one JavaScript stack frame per record in a single input chunk. A remote peer could send thousands of small records together and exhaust the call stack, causing an uncaught exception and denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00415 36th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD
Fix Partial forge (digitalbazaar): 1.4.1node-forge (npm): 1.4.1Red Hat: 13 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
digitalbazaarforgebefore 1.4.11.4.1Patch availableCNA
—node-forge (npm)before 1.4.11.4.1Patch availableGHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx
  • forge Vendordigitalbazaar Affected before 1.4.1 Fixed in 1.4.1 Patch available CNA
  • node-forge (npm) Vendor— Affected before 1.4.1 Fixed in 1.4.1 Patch available GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 1.4.1Vulnerabledigitalbazaar
  • cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 1.4.1 Vulnerable ·digitalbazaar

Remediation

Update Forge and node-forge to version 1.4.1. Red Hat lists these products as affected with no fix plan available: Node HealthCheck Operator, OpenShift Pipelines, OpenShift Serverless, Red Hat AMQ Broker 7, Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 and other products.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-07

  • Fix · CNA forge (digitalbazaar) Fixed in 1.4.1
  • Fix · GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx node-forge (npm) Fixed in 1.4.1 Advisory →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Node HealthCheck OperatorAffectedNo fix yet
OpenShift PipelinesAffectedNo fix yet
OpenShift ServerlessAffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat AMQ Broker 7AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Build of Podman DesktopAffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Ceph Storage 4AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Connectivity Link 1AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Developer Hub 1AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Fuse 7AffectedNo fix yet: Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)AffectedNo fix yet
Self-service automation portal 2AffectedNo fix yet
Not affected: 8 products
  • OpenShift Service Mesh 3
  • Red Hat AMQ Broker 7
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • Red Hat Hardened Images
  • Red Hat Quay 3
  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-29 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-119187
  2. 2026-10-30 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  3. 2026-10-30 CVSS score added · Red Hat
  4. 2026-10-30 Alias added: GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx
  5. 2026-10-30 Fix available: npm/[email protected] · GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx
  6. 2026-10-30 CVSS score added · GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx
  7. 2026-10-30 Weakness changed · GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx
  8. 2026-10-30 5 new references · GHSA-hqq3-7jhf-c5jx
  9. 2026-10-31 Priority changed: MEDIUM → LOW
  10. 2026-10-31 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  11. 2026-11-02 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  12. 2026-11-03 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  13. 2026-11-04 CISA SSVC decision points changed
  14. 2026-11-04 Priority changed: LOW → HIGH
  15. 2026-11-05 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  16. 2026-11-05 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  17. 2026-11-07 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  18. 2026-11-07 CVSS score added · Red Hat

References

  • TI-2026-26254 Forge has a basicConstraints bypass in its certificate chain verification (RFC 5280 violation) CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
  • TI-2026-82739 ASN.1 resource exhaustion in Forge asn1.fromDer via BIT STRINGs CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-26253 Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-26252 Forge has signature forgery in RSA-PKCS due to ASN.1 extra field CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-26249 Forge has Denial of Service via Infinite Loop in BigInteger.modInverse() with Zero Input CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-82723 Incomplete PKCS#7 padding validation in Forge decryption CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 5.3
See all 17 →

Sources