TI-2023-19074 Aliases CVE-2023-37466 GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5

vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability

MEDIUM 55CWE-94Published 2023-07-13 · Updated 2026-01-05

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: High · High · High
Fix status: Partial Red Hat: 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · NVD. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-94.

Summary

vm2 is an advanced vm/sandbox for Node.js. The library contains critical security issues and should not be used for production. The maintenance of the project has been discontinued. In vm2 for versions up to 3.9.19, `Promise` handler sanitization can be bypassed with the `@@species` accessor property allowing attackers to escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code, potentially allowing remote code execution inside the context of vm2 sandbox. Version 3.10.0 contains a patch for the issue.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.03867 90th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD

Fix Partial vm2 (npm): 3.10.0Red Hat: 2 advisoriesRed Hat: 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: None
Automatable: Yes
Technical impact: Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
patriksimek	vm2	up to 3.9.19	—	No fix listed	CNA
—	vm2 (npm)	before 3.10.0	3.10.0	Patch available	GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5

vm2 Vendorpatriksimek Affected up to 3.9.19 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
vm2 (npm) Vendor— Affected before 3.10.0 Fixed in 3.10.0 Patch available GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPE	Versions	Role	Vendor
cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2::::::node.js::*	up to 3.9.19	Vulnerable	patriksimek

cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* Versions up to 3.9.19 Vulnerable ·patriksimek

Remediation

Fix · GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5 vm2 (npm) Fixed in 3.10.0 Advisory →

Red Hat 2 advisories

RHSA-2023:4980 Released 2023-09-05 · Red Hat rating Critical
Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management 2.6.7 security and bug fix updates
- Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.6 for RHEL 8 rhacm2/acm-governance-policy-addon-controller-rhel8, rhacm2/acm-grafana-rhel8, rhacm2/acm-must-gather-rhel8 +45
RHSA-2023:4972 Released 2023-09-05 · Red Hat rating Critical
Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes 2.1.8 security updates and bug fixes
- multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.1 for RHEL 8 multicluster-engine/agent-service-rhel8, multicluster-engine/apiserver-network-proxy-rhel8, multicluster-engine/assisted-image-service-rhel8 +37

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Product	Status	Plan or fix
Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2	Affected	No fix yet

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2023-37466
2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5
2026-10-14 EPSS moved to the 90th–95th percentile

References

Exploit 1

https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-cchq-frgv-rjh5

Advisory 1

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37466

Other 6

TI-2023-14382 Sandbox Escape in vm2 CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
TI-2023-13478 vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
TI-2026-33200 vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-32052 vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-32051 vm2 has sandbox breakout via `neutralizeArraySpeciesBatch` CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-32049 vm2: Sandbox Escape CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0

See all 31 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences