juliangruber brace-expansion index.js expand redos
Priority MEDIUM 45CWE-1333Published · Updated
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- High
- Attack requirements
- None
- Impact type
- Denial of service
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · Low
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 8 fixed, 26 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-1333.
Summary
A vulnerability was found in juliangruber brace-expansion up to 1.1.11/2.0.1/3.0.0/4.0.0. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function expand of the file index.js. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.1.12, 2.0.2, 3.0.1 and 4.0.1 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is a5b98a4f30d7813266b221435e1eaaf25a1b0ac5. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Why it matters now
Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00611 49th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by the CNA
Fix Partial brace-expansion (juliangruber): 1.1.12, 2.0.2, 3.0.1 +1brace-expansion (npm): 2.0.2, 1.1.12, 3.0.1 +1Red Hat: 8 advisoriesRed Hat: 8 fixed, 26 without a fix
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| juliangruber | brace-expansion | 1.1.0; 1.1.1; 1.1.2; 1.1.3; 1.1.4; 1.1.5; 1.1.6; 1.1.7; 1.1.8; 1.1.9; 1.1.10; 1.1.11; 2.0.0; 2.0.1; 3.0; 4.0 | 1.1.12, 2.0.2, 3.0.1, 4.0.1 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | brace-expansion (npm) | 2.0.0 to before 2.0.2 | 2.0.2 | Patch available | GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw |
| — | brace-expansion (npm) | 1.0.0 to before 1.1.12 | 1.1.12 | Patch available | GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw |
| — | brace-expansion (npm) | 3.0.0 to before 3.0.1 | 3.0.1 | Patch available | GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw |
| — | brace-expansion (npm) | 4.0.0 to before 4.0.1 | 4.0.1 | Patch available | GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw |
- brace-expansion Vendorjuliangruber Affected 1.1.0; 1.1.1; 1.1.2; 1.1.3; 1.1.4; 1.1.5; 1.1.6; 1.1.7; 1.1.8; 1.1.9; 1.1.10; 1.1.11; 2.0.0; 2.0.1; 3.0; 4.0 Fixed in 1.1.12, 2.0.2, 3.0.1, 4.0.1 Patch available CNA
- brace-expansion (npm) Vendor— Affected 2.0.0 to before 2.0.2 Fixed in 2.0.2 Patch available GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw
- brace-expansion (npm) Vendor— Affected 1.0.0 to before 1.1.12 Fixed in 1.1.12 Patch available GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw
- brace-expansion (npm) Vendor— Affected 3.0.0 to before 3.0.1 Fixed in 3.0.1 Patch available GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw
- brace-expansion (npm) Vendor— Affected 4.0.0 to before 4.0.1 Fixed in 4.0.1 Patch available GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw
CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1
Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:juliangruber:brace-expansion:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | — | — | juliangruber |
- cpe:2.3:a:juliangruber:brace-expansion:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·juliangruber
Remediation
- Fix · CNA brace-expansion (juliangruber) Fixed in 1.1.12, 2.0.2, 3.0.1, 4.0.1
- Fix · GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw brace-expansion (npm) Fixed in 2.0.2 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw brace-expansion (npm) Fixed in 1.1.12 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw brace-expansion (npm) Fixed in 3.0.1 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw brace-expansion (npm) Fixed in 4.0.1 Advisory →
Red Hat 8 advisories
- RHSA-2026:33154 Released 2026-06-29 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Ceph Storage
- Red Hat Ceph Storage 7.1 registry.redhat.io/rhceph/grafana-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhceph/rhceph-7-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:22420 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.14 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.14 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-cli-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9 +15
- RHSA-2025:22418 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.15 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.15 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-rhel9-operator +15
Show 5 more Red Hat advisories
- RHSA-2025:22416 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.16 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.16 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-rhel9-operator +15
- RHSA-2025:22415 Released 2025-12-01 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.17 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.17 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9-operator, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9 +16
- RHSA-2025:21704 Released 2025-11-18 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.20 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.20 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9-operator, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9 +19
- RHSA-2025:21378 Released 2025-11-13 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.19 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.19 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9-operator, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9 +17
- RHSA-2025:21368 Released 2025-11-13 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.18 security, enhancement & bug fix update
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.18 registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/odf4/cephcsi-rhel9-operator, registry.redhat.io/odf4/mcg-core-rhel9 +16
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Low. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Cryostat 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 4 | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 5 | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 6 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 7 | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 8 | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Data Grid 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Directory Server 11 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Fuse 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Integration Camel K 1 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Process Automation 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Quay 3 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| streams for Apache Kafka 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 7.1 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:33154 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.14 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:22420 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.15 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:22418 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.16 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:22416 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.17 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:22415 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.18 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:21368 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.19 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:21378 |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.20 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:21704 |
Not affected: 8 products
- Red Hat Ceph Storage 7.1
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.14
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.15
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.16
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.17
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.18
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.19
- Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4.20
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-5889
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw
- 2026-10-09 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
References
Patch 2
Other 5
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/0b6a9781e18e9d2769bb2931f4856d1360243ed2
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/15f9b3c75ebf5988198241fecaebdc45eff28a9f
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/36603d5f3599a37af9e85eda30acd7d28599c36e
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c3c73c8b088defc70851843be88ccc3af08e7217
- https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion
More juliangruber vulnerabilities
- TI-2026-48532 brace-expansion: DoS via unbounded intermediate arrays, bypassing the CVE-2026-14257 mitigation CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2021-17956 Insecure random number generation CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
- TI-2026-12072 brace-expansion DoS via unbounded expansion length causing an out-of-memory process crash CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-11166 Uncontrolled resource consumption in juliangruber brace-expansion CVSS 4.0HIGH 7.7
- TI-2026-65313 brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-65311 brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion in parseCommaParts causing stack exhaustion CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
Sources
- CVE-2025-5889 · CVE Program
- CVE-2025-5889 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-v6h2-p8h4-qcjw · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2025-5889 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences