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TI-2025-07868 Aliases CVE-2025-8591GHSA-gqrf-mwwc-fmq5

Reflected Cross-Site Scripting via URL Parameter in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables UI Modification

Priority LOW 27CWE-79Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Cross-site scripting
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
Low · Low · None
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-79.

Summary

The software accepts user-supplied input via a URL parameter without adequate output encoding before reflecting it back to the user's browser. This condition allows an attacker to inject malicious script content into pages served by the application. By leveraging this weakness, an attacker can cause the user's browser to redirect to a malicious website, modify the UI of the webpage, or retrieve information from the browser. However, the impact is mitigated by the use of httpOnly flags on session-related cookies, preventing session hijacking.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00253 16th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed WSO2 Identity Server (WSO2): 5.10.0.381, 5.10.0.384, 6.0.0.255 +3WSO2 API Manager (WSO2): 3.1.0.355, 3.2.0.459, 3.2.1.78 +7+6 more products

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.381; 5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.384; 6.0.0 to before 6.0.0.255; 7.0.0 to before 7.0.0.131; 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.21; 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.515.10.0.381, 5.10.0.384, 6.0.0.255, 7.0.0.131, 7.1.0.21, 7.1.0.51Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 API Manager3.1.0 to before 3.1.0.355; 3.2.0 to before 3.2.0.459; 3.2.1 to before 3.2.1.78; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.0.380; 4.1.0 to before 4.1.0.243; 4.2.0 to before 4.2.0.183; 4.3.0 to before 4.3.0.94; 4.4.0 to before 4.4.0.58; 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.43; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.73.1.0.355, 3.2.0.459, 3.2.1.78, 4.0.0.380, 4.1.0.243, 4.2.0.183, 4.3.0.94, 4.4.0.58, 4.5.0.43, 4.6.0.7Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 API Control Plane4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.44; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.84.5.0.44, 4.6.0.8Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 Traffic Manager4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.74.5.0.42, 4.6.0.7Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 Universal Gateway4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.74.5.0.42, 4.6.0.7Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking AM2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.4042.0.0.404Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.3755.10.0.375Patch availableCNA
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking IAM2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.4242.0.0.424Patch availableCNA
  • WSO2 Identity Server VendorWSO2 Affected 5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.381; 5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.384; 6.0.0 to before 6.0.0.255; 7.0.0 to before 7.0.0.131; 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.21; 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.51 Fixed in 5.10.0.381, 5.10.0.384, 6.0.0.255, 7.0.0.131, 7.1.0.21, 7.1.0.51 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 API Manager VendorWSO2 Affected 3.1.0 to before 3.1.0.355; 3.2.0 to before 3.2.0.459; 3.2.1 to before 3.2.1.78; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.0.380; 4.1.0 to before 4.1.0.243; 4.2.0 to before 4.2.0.183; 4.3.0 to before 4.3.0.94; 4.4.0 to before 4.4.0.58; 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.43; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7 Fixed in 3.1.0.355, 3.2.0.459, 3.2.1.78, 4.0.0.380, 4.1.0.243, 4.2.0.183, 4.3.0.94, 4.4.0.58, 4.5.0.43, 4.6.0.7 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 API Control Plane VendorWSO2 Affected 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.44; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.8 Fixed in 4.5.0.44, 4.6.0.8 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 Traffic Manager VendorWSO2 Affected 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7 Fixed in 4.5.0.42, 4.6.0.7 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 Universal Gateway VendorWSO2 Affected 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7 Fixed in 4.5.0.42, 4.6.0.7 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 Open Banking AM VendorWSO2 Affected 2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.404 Fixed in 2.0.0.404 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager VendorWSO2 Affected 5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.375 Fixed in 5.10.0.375 Patch available CNA
  • WSO2 Open Banking IAM VendorWSO2 Affected 2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.424 Fixed in 2.0.0.424 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 8

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:api_control_plane:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.44; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.8VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:api_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*3.1.0 to before 3.1.0.355; 3.2.0 to before 3.2.0.459; 3.2.1 to before 3.2.1.78; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.0.380; 4.1.0 to before 4.1.0.243; 4.2.0 to before 4.2.0.183; 4.3.0 to before 4.3.0.94; 4.4.0 to before 4.4.0.58; 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.43; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.384; 6.0.0 to before 6.0.0.255; 7.0.0 to before 7.0.0.131; 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.51VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server_as_key_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.375VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:open_banking_am:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.404VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:open_banking_iam:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.424VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:traffic_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7VulnerableWSO2
cpe:2.3:a:wso2:universal_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7VulnerableWSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:api_control_plane:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.44; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.8 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:api_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 3.1.0 to before 3.1.0.355; 3.2.0 to before 3.2.0.459; 3.2.1 to before 3.2.1.78; 4.0.0 to before 4.0.0.380; 4.1.0 to before 4.1.0.243; 4.2.0 to before 4.2.0.183; 4.3.0 to before 4.3.0.94; 4.4.0 to before 4.4.0.58; 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.43; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.384; 6.0.0 to before 6.0.0.255; 7.0.0 to before 7.0.0.131; 7.1.0 to before 7.1.0.51 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:identity_server_as_key_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 5.10.0 to before 5.10.0.375 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:open_banking_am:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.404 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:open_banking_iam:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 2.0.0 to before 2.0.0.424 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:traffic_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7 Vulnerable ·WSO2
  • cpe:2.3:a:wso2:universal_gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 4.5.0 to before 4.5.0.42; 4.6.0 to before 4.6.0.7 Vulnerable ·WSO2

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Identity Server (WSO2) Fixed in 5.10.0.381, 5.10.0.384, 6.0.0.255, 7.0.0.131, 7.1.0.21, 7.1.0.51
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 API Manager (WSO2) Fixed in 3.1.0.355, 3.2.0.459, 3.2.1.78, 4.0.0.380, 4.1.0.243, 4.2.0.183, 4.3.0.94, 4.4.0.58, 4.5.0.43, 4.6.0.7
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 API Control Plane (WSO2) Fixed in 4.5.0.44, 4.6.0.8
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Traffic Manager (WSO2) Fixed in 4.5.0.42, 4.6.0.7
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Universal Gateway (WSO2) Fixed in 4.5.0.42, 4.6.0.7
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Open Banking AM (WSO2) Fixed in 2.0.0.404
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager (WSO2) Fixed in 5.10.0.375
  • Fix · CNA WSO2 Open Banking IAM (WSO2) Fixed in 2.0.0.424

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-8591
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-gqrf-mwwc-fmq5

References

Advisory 1

  • TI-2026-04755 Authentication Bypass via JWT Algorithm Mismatch in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Account Takeover KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-13722 Account Takeover via Conditional Authentication Script Logic in Multiple WSO2 Products CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.4
  • TI-2025-09712 Potential Broken Access Control in Multiple WSO2 Products via System REST APIs CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-08391 Improper Privilege Management in Multiple WSO2 API Manager via keymanager-operations DCR Endpoint CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-01411 Privilege Escalation via System REST APIs in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Admin Account Takeover CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-08536 Improper Certificate-Based Authentication Enforcement in Multiple WSO2 Products CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
See all 30 →

Sources

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