Read the docs
TI-2025-18862 Aliases CVE-2025-25193GHSA-389x-839f-4rhx

Denial of Service attack on windows app using Netty

Priority MEDIUM 58CWE-400Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Local
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 10 fixed, 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-400.

Summary

Netty, an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework, has a vulnerability in versions up to and including 4.1.118.Final. An unsafe reading of environment file could potentially cause a denial of service in Netty. When loaded on an Windows application, Netty attempts to load a file that does not exist. If an attacker creates such a large file, the Netty application crash. A similar issue was previously reported as CVE-2024-47535. This issue was fixed, but the fix was incomplete in that null-bytes were not counted against the input limit. Commit d1fbda62d3a47835d3fb35db8bd42ecc205a5386 contains an updated fix.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00391 33rd percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial io.netty:netty-common (Maven): 4.1.118.FinalRed Hat: 10 advisoriesRed Hat: 10 fixed, 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
nettynettyup to 4.1.118—No fix listedCNA
—io.netty:netty-common (Maven)before 4.1.118.Final4.1.118.FinalPatch availableGHSA-389x-839f-4rhx
  • netty Vendornetty Affected up to 4.1.118 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
  • io.netty:netty-common (Maven) Vendor— Affected before 4.1.118.Final Fixed in 4.1.118.Final Patch available GHSA-389x-839f-4rhx

CPE configurations NVD · 2

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:netty:netty:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 4.1.118Vulnerablenetty
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*not specified by NVDRunning onMicrosoft
  • cpe:2.3:a:netty:netty:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 4.1.118 Vulnerable ·netty
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions not specified by NVD Running on ·Microsoft

Remediation

  • Fix · GHSA-389x-839f-4rhx io.netty:netty-common (Maven) Fixed in 4.1.118.Final Advisory →

Red Hat 10 advisories

  • RHSA-2025:12511 Released 2025-08-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Streams for Apache Kafka 3.0.0 release and security update
    • Streams for Apache Kafka 3.0.0
  • RHSA-2025:9922 Released 2025-06-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.1 release and security update
    • Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.1
  • RHSA-2025:4549 Released 2025-05-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 8 eap7-apache-commons-io-2.16.1-1.redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap7-hal-console-3.3.26-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap7-ironjacamar-1.5.19-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8eap +27
Show 7 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2025:4550 Released 2025-05-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 9 eap7-apache-commons-io-2.16.1-1.redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap7-hal-console-3.3.26-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap7-ironjacamar-1.5.19-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el9eap +27
  • RHSA-2025:4548 Released 2025-05-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 7 Server eap7-apache-commons-io-2.16.1-1.redhat_00001.1.el7eap, eap7-hal-console-3.3.26-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el7eap, eap7-ironjacamar-1.5.19-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el7eap +26
  • RHSA-2025:4552 Released 2025-05-06 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22 commons-io.commons-io-2.16.1.redhat-00001.jar, io.netty.netty-common-4.1.119.Final-redhat-00004.jar, io.netty.netty-handler-4.1.119.Final-redhat-00004.jar +1
  • RHSA-2025:3465 Released 2025-04-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.21 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 7 Server eap7-netty-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el7eap, eap7-netty-all-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el7eap, eap7-netty-buffer-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el7eap +29
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 8 eap7-netty-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el8eap, eap7-netty-all-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el8eap, eap7-netty-buffer-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el8eap +30
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 9 eap7-netty-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el9eap, eap7-netty-buffer-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el9eap, eap7-netty-codec-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00004.1.el9eap +29
  • RHSA-2025:3467 Released 2025-04-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.21 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform com.fasterxml.jackson.core.jackson-core-2.12.7.SP1-redhat-00001.jar, commons-beanutils.commons-beanutils-1.11.0.redhat-00001.jar, io.netty.netty-common-4.1.124.Final-redhat-00001.jar +3
  • RHSA-2025:3358 Released 2025-03-27 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0.6 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8
  • RHSA-2025:3357 Released 2025-03-27 · Red Hat rating Important
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0.6 security update
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.0 for RHEL 8 eap8-eap-product-conf-parent-800.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-eap-product-conf-wildfly-ee-feature-pack-800.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-netty-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00002.1.el8eap +21
    • Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.0 for RHEL 9 eap8-eap-product-conf-parent-800.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-eap-product-conf-wildfly-ee-feature-pack-800.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-netty-4.1.119-1.Final_redhat_00002.1.el9eap +21

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Integration Camel K 1AffectedNo fix planned: Will not fix
Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 7 ServerFixed RHSA-2025:3465, RHSA-2025:4548
Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2025:3465, RHSA-2025:4549
Red Hat JBoss EAP 7.4 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2025:3465, RHSA-2025:4550
Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.0 for RHEL 8Fixed RHSA-2025:3357
Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.0 for RHEL 9Fixed RHSA-2025:3357
Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Fixed RHSA-2025:3467
Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22Fixed RHSA-2025:4552
Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8Fixed RHSA-2025:3358
Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.1Fixed RHSA-2025:9922
Streams for Apache Kafka 3.0.0Fixed RHSA-2025:12511
Not affected: 3 products
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4.22
  • Red Hat build of Quarkus

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-25193
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-389x-839f-4rhx

References

Patch 1

Advisory 3

Other 2

  • TI-2023-23979 The HTTP/2 protocol allows a denial of service (server resource consumption) because… KEVCVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-30861 Netty: HTTP/1.0 TE+CL Coexistence Bypasses Smuggling Sanitization CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2026-30864 Netty: HttpClientCodec response desynchronization CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
  • TI-2026-30859 Netty: DNS Codec Input Validation Bypass in Netty (Encoder + Decoder) CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
  • TI-2026-40973 Netty: Missing CertificateID Validation in OCSP Response Allows Replay Attacks CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
  • TI-2026-40972 Uncontrolled resource consumption in netty CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
See all 92 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences