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TI-2025-21297 Aliases CVE-2025-29912

CryptoLib Has Heap Buffer Overflow Due to Unsigned Integer Underflow in Crypto_TC_ProcessSecurity

Priority HIGH 80CWE-122Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
No fix listed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-122 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, an unsigned integer underflow in the `Crypto_TC_ProcessSecurity` function of CryptoLib leads to a heap buffer overflow. The vulnerability is triggered when the `fl` (frame length) field in a Telecommand (TC) packet is set to 0. This underflow causes the frame length to be interpreted as 65535, resulting in out-of-bounds memory access. This critical vulnerability can be exploited to cause a denial of service (DoS) or potentially achieve remote code execution. Users of CryptoLib are advised to apply the recommended patch or avoid processing untrusted TC packets until a fix is available.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.01122 66th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD
Fix No fix listed No fixed version in the sources yet

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
nasaCryptoLibup to 1.3.3—No fix listedCNA
  • CryptoLib Vendornasa Affected up to 1.3.3 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:nasa:cryptolib:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 1.4.0Vulnerablenasa
  • cpe:2.3:a:nasa:cryptolib:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 1.4.0 Vulnerable ·nasa

Remediation

No fixed version listed by the sources yet.

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-29912

References

Exploit 1

Patch 1

  • TI-2025-21552 CryptoLib Has Heap Overflow in Crypto_TM_ProcessSecurity due to Unchecked Secondary Header Length CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.4
  • TI-2025-21662 Heap Buffer Overflow via Incomplete Length Check in `Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity` CVSS 4.0CRITICAL 9.3
  • TI-2025-21298 CryptoLib's Crypto_TC_Prep_AAD Has Buffer Overflow Due to Integer Underflow CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.9
  • TI-2025-21296 CryptoLib Has Heap Buffer Overflow in Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity Function CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.9
  • TI-2025-21294 CryptoLib's Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity() Has a Heap Buffer Overflow Vulnerability CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.9
  • TI-2025-34612 Heap Buffer Overflow in NASA CryptoLib 1.4.0 `Crypto_TC_Check_IV_Setup` CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.6
See all 26 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences