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TI-2025-22512 Aliases CVE-2025-31277GHSA-vrfh-8v52-6452

Memory corruption in Apple Safari

Priority CRITICAL 97Exploited in the wildCWE-119Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 15 fixed, 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-119 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.6, iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 18.6, macOS Sequoia 15.6, tvOS 18.6, visionOS 2.6, watchOS 11.6. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to memory corruption.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Active In CISA KEV since 2026-03-20CISA due date 2026-04-03
EPSS 0.01678 77th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Safari (Apple): 18.6iOS and iPadOS (Apple): 18.6+4 more productsRed Hat: 10 advisoriesRed Hat: 15 fixed, 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Active
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
AppleSafaribefore 18.618.6Patch availableCNA
AppleiOS and iPadOSbefore 18.618.6Patch availableCNA
ApplemacOSbefore 15.615.6Patch availableCNA
AppletvOSbefore 18.618.6Patch availableCNA
ApplevisionOSbefore 2.62.6Patch availableCNA
ApplewatchOSbefore 11.611.6Patch availableCNA
  • Safari VendorApple Affected before 18.6 Fixed in 18.6 Patch available CNA
  • iOS and iPadOS VendorApple Affected before 18.6 Fixed in 18.6 Patch available CNA
  • macOS VendorApple Affected before 15.6 Fixed in 15.6 Patch available CNA
  • tvOS VendorApple Affected before 18.6 Fixed in 18.6 Patch available CNA
  • visionOS VendorApple Affected before 2.6 Fixed in 2.6 Patch available CNA
  • watchOS VendorApple Affected before 11.6 Fixed in 11.6 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 26

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:apple:safari:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*15.0 to before 15.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 2.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 11.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:a:webkitgtk:webkitgtk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 2.50.0VulnerableWebKitGTK
cpe:2.3:a:wpewebkit:wpe_webkit:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 2.50.0VulnerableWpewebkit
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*6.0VulnerableRed Hat
  • cpe:2.3:a:apple:safari:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 15.0 to before 15.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 2.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 11.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:a:webkitgtk:webkitgtk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 2.50.0 Vulnerable ·WebKitGTK
  • cpe:2.3:a:wpewebkit:wpe_webkit:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 2.50.0 Vulnerable ·Wpewebkit
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 6.0 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
Show 16 more CPE
CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*7.0VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.0VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.0VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus:8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.2VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus:8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.4VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.6VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_els:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*7.0VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.4VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.6VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:9.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.4VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_tus:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.6VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_tus:8.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.8VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.6VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:8.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*8.8VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.0VulnerableRed Hat
cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*9.2VulnerableRed Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 7.0 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.0 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus:8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.2 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus:8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.4 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.6 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_els:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 7.0 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.4 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.6 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:9.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.4 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_tus:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.6 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_tus:8.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.8 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.6 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:8.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 8.8 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.0 Vulnerable ·Red Hat
  • cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_update_services_for_sap_solutions:9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 9.2 Vulnerable ·Red Hat

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Safari (Apple) Fixed in 18.6
  • Fix · CNA iOS and iPadOS (Apple) Fixed in 18.6
  • Fix · CNA macOS (Apple) Fixed in 15.6
  • Fix · CNA tvOS (Apple) Fixed in 18.6
  • Fix · CNA visionOS (Apple) Fixed in 2.6
  • Fix · CNA watchOS (Apple) Fixed in 11.6

Red Hat 10 advisories

  • RHSA-2025:19352 Released 2025-10-30 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkitgtk4 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS) webkitgtk4-2.50.0-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-devel-2.50.0-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-jsc-2.50.0-1.el7_9 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS) webkitgtk4-devel-2.50.0-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-doc-2.50.0-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-jsc-devel-2.50.0-1.el7_9
  • RHSA-2025:19165 Released 2025-10-28 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_4 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_4 +1
  • RHSA-2025:19157 Released 2025-10-28 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_2, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_2, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_2 +1
Show 7 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2025:19109 Released 2025-10-27 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_6 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_6 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_6 +1
  • RHSA-2025:18097 Released 2025-10-15 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) webkit2gtk3-2.50.1-0.el9_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.1-0.el9_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.1-0.el9_6 +1
  • RHSA-2025:17807 Released 2025-10-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_8.1, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_8.1, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_8.1 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_8.1, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_8.1, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_8.1 +1
  • RHSA-2025:17802 Released 2025-10-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-1.el8_10, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-1.el8_10, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-1.el8_10 +1
  • RHSA-2025:17743 Released 2025-10-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-2.el9_2, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-2.el9_2, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-2.el9_2 +1
  • RHSA-2025:17741 Released 2025-10-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-2.el9_4, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-2.el9_4, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-2.el9_4 +1
  • RHSA-2025:17643 Released 2025-10-09 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) webkit2gtk3-2.50.0-2.el9_0, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.50.0-2.el9_0, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.50.0-2.el9_0 +1

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

  • Release ·

    Apple macOS 15.6

    31 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 6 MEDIUM, 24 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27949 Out-of-bounds write in Apple macOSPriority MEDIUM 50
    • TI-2025-22516 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 44
    Show all 31 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple iOS and iPadOS 18.6

    24 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 9 MEDIUM, 14 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27921 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27898 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    Show all 24 records →
Show 3 more groups
  • Release ·

    Apple tvOS, visionOS 18.6, 2.6

    20 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 8 MEDIUM, 11 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27921 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27898 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    Show all 20 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple watchOS 11.6

    17 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 7 MEDIUM, 9 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27921 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27898 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    Show all 17 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple Safari 18.6

    14 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 3 MEDIUM, 10 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-22513 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 43
    • TI-2025-22509 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-27939 Apple Safari: Processing maliciously crafted web content may disclose sensitive user…Priority MEDIUM 41
    Show all 14 records →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2025:17802
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2025:18097
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:19157
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:19165
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:19109
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:19109
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2025:17807
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2025:17643
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2025:17743
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:17741
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2025:19165
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2025:19109
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2025:17807
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS)Fixed RHSA-2025:19352
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS)Fixed RHSA-2025:19352
Not affected: 1 product
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

Timeline

  1. 2026-03-20 Added to CISA KEV
  2. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-31277
  3. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-vrfh-8v52-6452

References

Advisory 23

  • TI-2025-28008 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-22441 Apple iOS and iPadOS: An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-22440 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-17951 Out-of-bounds write in Apple Safari KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-17847 Use after free in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2022-06854 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
See all 2382 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences