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TI-2025-22516 Aliases CVE-2025-31281GHSA-986c-mq88-7jvv

Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOS

Priority MEDIUM 44CWE-20Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
—
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · None · High
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA.

Summary

An input validation issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 18.6, macOS Sequoia 15.6, tvOS 18.6, visionOS 2.6. Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to unexpected app termination.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.01284 70th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed iOS and iPadOS (Apple): 18.6macOS (Apple): 15.6+2 more products

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
AppleiOS and iPadOSbefore 18.618.6Patch availableCNA
ApplemacOSbefore 15.615.6Patch availableCNA
AppletvOSbefore 18.618.6Patch availableCNA
ApplevisionOSbefore 2.62.6Patch availableCNA
  • iOS and iPadOS VendorApple Affected before 18.6 Fixed in 18.6 Patch available CNA
  • macOS VendorApple Affected before 15.6 Fixed in 15.6 Patch available CNA
  • tvOS VendorApple Affected before 18.6 Fixed in 18.6 Patch available CNA
  • visionOS VendorApple Affected before 2.6 Fixed in 2.6 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 5

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 15.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 18.6VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 2.6VulnerableApple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 15.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 18.6 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 2.6 Vulnerable ·Apple

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA iOS and iPadOS (Apple) Fixed in 18.6
  • Fix · CNA macOS (Apple) Fixed in 15.6
  • Fix · CNA tvOS (Apple) Fixed in 18.6
  • Fix · CNA visionOS (Apple) Fixed in 2.6

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

  • Release ·

    Apple macOS 15.6

    31 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 6 MEDIUM, 24 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-22512 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority CRITICAL 97
    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27949 Out-of-bounds write in Apple macOSPriority MEDIUM 50
    Show all 31 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple iOS and iPadOS 18.6

    24 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 9 MEDIUM, 14 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-22512 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority CRITICAL 97
    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27921 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    Show all 24 records →
Show 1 more group
  • Release ·

    Apple tvOS, visionOS 18.6, 2.6

    20 records Highest priority Priority CRITICAL 1 CRITICAL, 8 MEDIUM, 11 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-22512 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority CRITICAL 97
    • TI-2025-27946 Improper input validation in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    • TI-2025-27921 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 51
    Show all 20 records →

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-31281
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-986c-mq88-7jvv

References

Advisory 4

  • TI-2025-28008 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-22441 Apple iOS and iPadOS: An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-22440 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-17951 Out-of-bounds write in Apple Safari KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-17847 Use after free in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2022-06854 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
See all 2382 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences