Read the docs
TI-2025-28140 Aliases CVE-2025-43436GHSA-3jx8-9w5m-fvm9

Authentication bypass in Apple iOS and iPadOS

Priority MEDIUM 40CWE-288Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Security bypass
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · None · None
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-288.

Summary

A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. An app may be able to enumerate a user's installed apps.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00581 47th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed iOS and iPadOS (Apple): 26.1macOS (Apple): 26.1+3 more products

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
AppleiOS and iPadOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
ApplemacOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
AppletvOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
ApplevisionOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
ApplewatchOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
  • iOS and iPadOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • macOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • tvOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • visionOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • watchOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 5

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA iOS and iPadOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA macOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA tvOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA visionOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA watchOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

  • Release ·

    Apple visionOS 26.1

    43 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 4 MEDIUM, 39 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28118 Improper access control in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    Show all 43 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple macOS 26.1

    31 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 3 MEDIUM, 28 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28203 Improper access control in Apple SafariPriority LOW 39
    Show all 31 records →
Show 3 more groups
  • Release ·

    Apple watchOS 26.1

    30 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 4 MEDIUM, 26 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28118 Improper access control in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    Show all 30 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple tvOS 26.1

    27 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 4 MEDIUM, 23 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28118 Improper access control in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    Show all 27 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple iOS and iPadOS 26.1

    25 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 2 MEDIUM, 23 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28118 Improper access control in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    • TI-2025-28203 Improper access control in Apple SafariPriority LOW 39
    • TI-2025-28182 Apple Safari: A malicious website may exfiltrate data cross-originPriority LOW 38
    Show all 25 records →

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-43436
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-3jx8-9w5m-fvm9

References

Advisory 4

Other 1

  • TI-2025-28008 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-22441 Apple iOS and iPadOS: An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-22440 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-17951 Out-of-bounds write in Apple Safari KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-17847 Use after free in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2022-06854 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
See all 2382 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences