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TI-2025-31658 Aliases CVE-2025-49688GHSA-fjff-r876-r378

Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Priority MEDIUM 42CWE-415Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Microsoft. Impact type from Microsoft.

Summary

Double free in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.0099 62nd percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed Microsoft: 6 updates

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R26.3.9600.0 to before 6.3.9600.226766.3.9600.22676Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)6.3.9600.0 to before 6.3.9600.226766.3.9600.22676Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 201610.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.824610.0.14393.8246Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.824610.0.14393.8246Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 201910.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.755810.0.17763.7558Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.755810.0.17763.7558Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 202210.0.20348.0 to before 10.0.20348.393210.0.20348.3932Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)10.0.25398.0 to before 10.0.25398.173210.0.25398.1732Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 202510.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.465210.0.26100.4652Patch availableCNA
MicrosoftWindows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.465210.0.26100.4652Patch availableCNA
  • Windows Server 2012 R2 VendorMicrosoft Affected 6.3.9600.0 to before 6.3.9600.22676 Fixed in 6.3.9600.22676 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 6.3.9600.0 to before 6.3.9600.22676 Fixed in 6.3.9600.22676 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2016 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.8246 Fixed in 10.0.14393.8246 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.14393.0 to before 10.0.14393.8246 Fixed in 10.0.14393.8246 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2019 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.7558 Fixed in 10.0.17763.7558 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.17763.0 to before 10.0.17763.7558 Fixed in 10.0.17763.7558 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2022 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.20348.0 to before 10.0.20348.3932 Fixed in 10.0.20348.3932 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.25398.0 to before 10.0.25398.1732 Fixed in 10.0.25398.1732 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2025 VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.4652 Fixed in 10.0.26100.4652 Patch available CNA
  • Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) VendorMicrosoft Affected 10.0.26100.0 to before 10.0.26100.4652 Fixed in 10.0.26100.4652 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 6

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*r2VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 10.0.14393.8246VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 10.0.17763.7558VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 10.0.20348.3932VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 10.0.25398.1732VulnerableMicrosoft
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 10.0.26100.4652VulnerableMicrosoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions r2 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 10.0.14393.8246 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 10.0.17763.7558 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 10.0.20348.3932 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 10.0.25398.1732 Vulnerable ·Microsoft
  • cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 10.0.26100.4652 Vulnerable ·Microsoft

Remediation

Microsoft 6 updates

  • KB5062597
    Monthly Rollup
    • Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.22676
    • Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.22676
  • KB5062572
    Security Update
    • Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.3932
    • Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) 10.0.20348.3932
  • KB5062570
    Security Update
    • Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 10.0.25398.1732
Show 3 more Microsoft updates
  • KB5062560
    Security Update
    • Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.8246
    • Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems 10.0.14393.8246
    • Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.8246
    • Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.8246
  • KB5062557
    Security Update
    • Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.17763.7558
    • Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems 10.0.17763.7558
    • Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.7558
    • Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.7558
  • KB5062553
    Security Update
    • Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.26100.4652
    • Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems 0.0.26200.4652, 10.0.26100.4652
    • Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.4652
    • Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.4652

Vendor assessments

Microsoft

Microsoft's page for this CVE →

Impact
Remote Code Execution
Exploited
No
Publicly disclosed
No
Exploitability
Exploitation Unlikely

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-49688
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-fjff-r876-r378

References

Patch 1

  • TI-2025-36863 Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2020-01431 Netlogon Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2020-01310 Improper input validation in Microsoft Windows Server KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2017-06077 Microsoft Windows XP SP3, Windows XP x64 XP2, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2015-01465 HTTP.sys in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2020-01009 Improper input validation in Microsoft Windows Server KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.0
See all 5293 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences