TI-2026-32043 Aliases CVE-2026-44000 GHSA-mpf8-4hx2-7cjg

vm2: sandbox boundary bypass via host Promise resolution preserving host object identity

HIGH 71CWE-693Published 2026-05-13 · Updated 2026-05-13

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: Security bypass
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: Low · Low · None
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · NVD. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-693.

Summary

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox boundary violation in vm2 allows host object identity to cross into the sandbox through host Promise resolution. When a host-side Promise that resolves to a host object is exposed to the sandbox, the value delivered to the sandbox .then() callback preserves host identity. This allows the sandbox to interact with the host object directly, including performing identity checks using host-side WeakMap and mutating host object state from inside the sandbox. This behavior occurs because the Promise fulfillment wrapper uses ensureThis() instead of the stronger cross-realm conversion path (from() / proxy wrapping). If no prototype mapping is found, ensureThis() returns the original object. As a result, objects resolved by host Promises can cross the sandbox boundary without proper isolation. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.002 9th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD

Fix Fixed vm2 (patriksimek): 3.11.0vm2 (npm): 3.11.0Red Hat: 1 advisory

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: Poc
Automatable: Yes
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
patriksimek	vm2	before 3.11.0	3.11.0	Patch available	CNA
—	vm2 (npm)	before 3.11.0	3.11.0	Patch available	GHSA-mpf8-4hx2-7cjg

vm2 Vendorpatriksimek Affected before 3.11.0 Fixed in 3.11.0 Patch available CNA
vm2 (npm) Vendor— Affected before 3.11.0 Fixed in 3.11.0 Patch available GHSA-mpf8-4hx2-7cjg

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPE	Versions	Role	Vendor
cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2::::::node.js::*	before 3.11.0	Vulnerable	patriksimek

cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* Versions before 3.11.0 Vulnerable ·patriksimek

Remediation

Fix · CNA vm2 (patriksimek) Fixed in 3.11.0
Fix · GHSA-mpf8-4hx2-7cjg vm2 (npm) Fixed in 3.11.0 Advisory →

Red Hat 1 advisory

RHSA-2026:50850 Released 2026-08-05 · Red Hat rating Important
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1 security update
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1 registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Product	Status	Plan or fix
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.1	Fixed	RHSA-2026:50850

Not affected: 1 product

Red Hat Developer Hub 1

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-44000
2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-mpf8-4hx2-7cjg
2026-10-27 Affected versions changed · Red Hat

References

Exploit 1

https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-mpf8-4hx2-7cjg

Advisory 1

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44000

Other 2

TI-2023-14382 Sandbox Escape in vm2 CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
TI-2023-13478 vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
TI-2026-33200 vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-32052 vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-32051 vm2 has sandbox breakout via `neutralizeArraySpeciesBatch` CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-32049 vm2: Sandbox Escape CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0

See all 31 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences