TI-2026-36645 Aliases CVE-2026-49495

Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser

MEDIUM 63CWE-835Published 2026-06-10 · Updated 2026-07-14

Key facts

Attack vector: Local
Privileges required: None
User interaction: Active
Attack complexity: Low
Attack requirements: None
Impact type: Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: None · None · High
Fix status: Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA. Impact type from CWE-835.

Summary

Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.00151 4th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD

Fix Fixed ghidra (nationalsecurityagency): 12.1

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: Poc
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
NationalSecurityAgency	ghidra	10.2 to before 12.1	12.1	Patch available	CNA

ghidra VendorNationalSecurityAgency Affected 10.2 to before 12.1 Fixed in 12.1 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPE	Versions	Role	Vendor
cpe:2.3:a:nsa:ghidra::::::::	10.2 to before 12.1	Vulnerable	NationalSecurityAgency

cpe:2.3:a:nsa:ghidra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 10.2 to before 12.1 Vulnerable ·NationalSecurityAgency

Remediation

Fix · CNA ghidra (nationalsecurityagency) Fixed in 12.1

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

Release · 2026-06-10
nationalsecurityagency ghidra 12.1
9 records Highest priority Priority HIGH 1 HIGH, 4 MEDIUM, 4 LOW
Other records, highest priority first
- TI-2026-37876 Ghidra < 12.1 - SQL Injection via Unescaped Filter Values in BSim SearchPriority HIGH 73
- TI-2026-36646 Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-Use-After-Free in SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd via Vector ReallocationPriority MEDIUM 64
- TI-2026-37875 Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-use-after-free in HighVariable::merge() during decompilationPriority MEDIUM 54
Show all 9 records →

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-49495

References

Exploit 1

GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg)

TI-2023-08846 Ghidra/RuntimeScripts/Linux/support/launch.sh in NSA Ghidra through 10.2.2 passes… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-37876 Ghidra < 12.1 - SQL Injection via Unescaped Filter Values in BSim Search CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
TI-2026-04310 NSA Ghidra Auto-Analysis Annotation Command Execution CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
TI-2026-37873 Ghidra < 12.0.4 - Path Traversal via Zip Slip in Theme Import CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.4
TI-2026-37870 Ghidra < 12.0.2 - Path Traversal in Extension Installer via ZIP Entry Names CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.4
TI-2026-36646 Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-Use-After-Free in SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd via Vector Reallocation CVSS 4.0MEDIUM 6.9

See all 30 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences