node-forge through 1.4.0 RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Forgery via Nested DigestAlgorithm Padding
Priority HIGH 77CWE-347Published · Updated
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Impact type
- Security bypass
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · High · None
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 4 fixed, 9 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-347.
Summary
node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894.
Why it matters now
Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00248 16th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Red Hat: 4 advisoriesRed Hat: 4 fixed, 9 without a fix
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- Yes
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| digitalbazaar | forge | up to 1.4.0 | — | No fix listed | CNA |
| — | node-forge (npm) | up to 1.4.0 | — | No fix listed | GHSA-86w9-cpqp-85rv |
- forge Vendordigitalbazaar Affected up to 1.4.0 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA
- node-forge (npm) Vendor— Affected up to 1.4.0 Fixed in — No fix listed GHSA-86w9-cpqp-85rv
CPE names Threatist (inferred) · 1
Inferred from how NVD named this product before; not given by a source.
| CPE | Versions | Role | Vendor |
|---|---|---|---|
| cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | — | — | digitalbazaar |
- cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions — — ·digitalbazaar
Remediation
Red Hat 4 advisories
- RHSA-2026:92510 Released 2026-10-29 · Red Hat rating CriticalRHOAI 3.4.6 - Red Hat OpenShift AI
- Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 registry.redhat.io/rhoai/odh-built-in-detector-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhoai/odh-cli-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/rhoai/odh-dashboard-rhel9 +47
- RHSA-2026:88200 Released 2026-10-22 · Red Hat rating CriticalAnsible automation portal Red Hat Enterprise Linux Images
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform/bootc-automation-portal-rhel9
- RHSA-2026:71210 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating CriticalRed Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 Container Release Update
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-25/controller-rhel8, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-25/de-minimal-rhel8, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-25/ee-minimal-rhel8 +4
Show 1 more Red Hat advisories
- RHSA-2026:71179 Released 2026-09-23 · Red Hat rating CriticalRed Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 Container Release Update
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-26/aap-must-gather-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-26/controller-rhel9, registry.redhat.io/ansible-automation-platform-26/de-minimal-rhel9 +10
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Node HealthCheck Operator | Affected | No fix yet |
| OpenShift Pipelines | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
| Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Developer Hub 1 | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Fuse 7 | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
| Red Hat OpenShift GitOps | Affected | No fix planned: Will not fix |
| Self-service automation portal 2 | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:88200 |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:71210 |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:71179 |
| Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 | Fixed | RHSA-2026:92510 |
Not affected: 17 products
- Gatekeeper 3
- OpenShift Service Mesh 3
- Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2
- Red Hat AMQ Broker 7
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5
- Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6
- Red Hat Connectivity Link 1
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
- Red Hat Hardened Images
- Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
- Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4
- Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
- Red Hat Quay 3
- Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-85393
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-86w9-cpqp-85rv
- 2026-10-06 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
- 2026-10-13 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
- 2026-10-18 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
- 2026-10-23 Fix available: RHSA-2026:88200 · Red Hat
- 2026-10-23 Fix available: Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 · Red Hat
- 2026-10-27 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
- 2026-10-30 Fix available: RHSA-2026:92510 · Red Hat
- 2026-10-30 Fix available: Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 · Red Hat
References
Advisory 2
More digitalbazaar vulnerabilities
- TI-2026-26254 Forge has a basicConstraints bypass in its certificate chain verification (RFC 5280 violation) CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
- TI-2026-82739 ASN.1 resource exhaustion in Forge asn1.fromDer via BIT STRINGs CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-82735 Denial of service in Forge TLS record processing via stack exhaustion CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-82733 Forge accepts zero iteration count, enabling PKCS#12 integrity bypass CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-82730 Regular expression denial of service in Forge PEM decoding CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
- TI-2026-26253 Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
Sources
- CVE-2026-85393 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-85393 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-86w9-cpqp-85rv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2026-85393 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences