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TI-2026-78985 Aliases CVE-2026-114141GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p

Quadratic complexity in toml-node allows denial of service

Priority MEDIUM 44CWE-407Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-407.

Summary

toml-node versions before 5.0.1 and the npm package toml before 5.0.1 are affected. The toml.parse() compiler's addTableArray() function rescans all bookkeeping sets for each array-of-tables header, which causes quadratic work (CWE-407). An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a document with many such headers to block the Node.js event loop and deny service to other operations in the process.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-28

Description from the CNA

toml-node is a TOML parser for Node.js and the browser. Prior to 5.0.1, the toml.parse() compiler's addTableArray() function in lib/compiler.js rescans the complete assignedPaths and valueAssignments bookkeeping sets for every array-of-tables header. Distinct [[name]] paths are not pruned, so a document with many such headers causes quadratic synchronous work and can block the Node.js event loop, denying service to other operations in the process. This issue is fixed in version 5.0.1.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00473 41st percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial toml-node (BinaryMuse): 5.0.1toml (npm): 5.0.1Red Hat: 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
BinaryMusetoml-nodebefore 5.0.15.0.1Patch availableCNA
—toml (npm)before 5.0.15.0.1Patch availableGHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p
  • toml-node VendorBinaryMuse Affected before 5.0.1 Fixed in 5.0.1 Patch available CNA
  • toml (npm) Vendor— Affected before 5.0.1 Fixed in 5.0.1 Patch available GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p

Remediation

Update the npm package toml to version 5.0.1. The source description states that toml-node is fixed in version 5.0.1, although no fix is listed for it in the affected data. Red Hat has no fix available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-28

  • Fix · CNA toml-node (BinaryMuse) Fixed in 5.0.1
  • Fix · GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p toml (npm) Fixed in 5.0.1 Advisory →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10AffectedNo fix yet

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-21 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-114141
  2. 2026-10-22 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  3. 2026-10-22 CVSS score added · Red Hat
  4. 2026-10-22 Alias added: GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p
  5. 2026-10-22 Fix available: npm/[email protected] · GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p
  6. 2026-10-22 CVSS score added · GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p
  7. 2026-10-22 Weakness changed · GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p
  8. 2026-10-22 5 new references · GHSA-4qx8-w7c3-pj3p
  9. 2026-10-23 Priority changed: MEDIUM → LOW
  10. 2026-10-24 CISA SSVC decision points changed
  11. 2026-10-24 Priority changed: LOW → MEDIUM

References

Advisory 1

Other 4

  • TI-2026-78987 Quadratic complexity denial of service in toml-node TOML parser CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2026-45178 toml-node: Prototype Pollution Leads to `Object.prototype` Corruption via `__proto__` Key-Path Desynchronization CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.2
  • TI-2026-78988 CPU denial of service in toml-node via long integer literals CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-78986 Prototype pollution in toml-node parser writes to Object.prototype CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2026-54014 toml-node: Uncontrolled Recursion CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences