Read the docs
TI-2026-78987 Aliases CVE-2026-114143GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64

Quadratic complexity denial of service in toml-node TOML parser

Priority HIGH 77CWE-407Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-407.

Summary

The toml-node parser from BinaryMuse is affected before 5.0.1 (npm package toml). toml.parse() repeatedly rejoins every path prefix of long dotted keys and table headers, causing quadratic work (CWE-407). A remote unauthenticated attacker can send a document with very long key paths to block the Node.js event loop or exhaust memory. The maxDepth option does not limit key-segment count and does not mitigate this.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-28

Description from the CNA

toml-node is a TOML parser for Node.js and the browser. Prior to 5.0.1, toml.parse() repeatedly slices and rejoins every path prefix in lib/compiler.js while processing long dotted keys, table headers, array-of-tables headers, and inline-table keys in assign(), deepRef(), and setNestedKey(). The resulting quadratic work can block the Node.js event loop for several seconds, and sufficiently long paths can terminate the process through memory exhaustion. The maxDepth option does not limit key-segment count and therefore does not mitigate this path. This issue is fixed in version 5.0.1.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00473 41st percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial toml-node (BinaryMuse): 5.0.1toml (npm): 5.0.1Red Hat: 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
Yes
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
BinaryMusetoml-nodebefore 5.0.15.0.1Patch availableCNA
—toml (npm)before 5.0.15.0.1Patch availableGHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64
  • toml-node VendorBinaryMuse Affected before 5.0.1 Fixed in 5.0.1 Patch available CNA
  • toml (npm) Vendor— Affected before 5.0.1 Fixed in 5.0.1 Patch available GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64

Remediation

Update toml-node to version 5.0.1, which the source description says fixes this issue. The npm package toml is fixed in version 5.0.1. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 as affected with no fix available.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-10-28

  • Fix · CNA toml-node (BinaryMuse) Fixed in 5.0.1
  • Fix · GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64 toml (npm) Fixed in 5.0.1 Advisory →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10AffectedNo fix yet

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-21 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-114143
  2. 2026-10-22 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  3. 2026-10-22 CVSS score added · Red Hat
  4. 2026-10-22 Alias added: GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64
  5. 2026-10-22 Fix available: npm/[email protected] · GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64
  6. 2026-10-22 CVSS score added · GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64
  7. 2026-10-22 Weakness changed · GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64
  8. 2026-10-22 5 new references · GHSA-9j65-hcg3-gc64
  9. 2026-10-23 Priority changed: MEDIUM → LOW
  10. 2026-10-28 CISA SSVC decision points changed
  11. 2026-10-28 Priority changed: LOW → HIGH

References

Advisory 1

Other 4

  • TI-2026-45178 toml-node: Prototype Pollution Leads to `Object.prototype` Corruption via `__proto__` Key-Path Desynchronization CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.2
  • TI-2026-78988 CPU denial of service in toml-node via long integer literals CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
  • TI-2026-78986 Prototype pollution in toml-node parser writes to Object.prototype CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2026-78985 Quadratic complexity in toml-node allows denial of service CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
  • TI-2026-54014 toml-node: Uncontrolled Recursion CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences