Shared built-in object corruption in i18next resource merging
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- High
- Impact type
- —
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · Low · High
- Fix status
- Partial Red Hat: 32 without a fix
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat.
Summary
i18next before 26.3.4 has a flaw in its deepExtend helper that recurses into inherited built-in functions (CWE-1321). When an application passes attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle with deep and overwrite both true, a nested value can overwrite those shared functions process-wide. A low-privileged remote attacker can then cause a denial of service with limited integrity impact.
Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-06
Description from the CNA
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, `deepExtend` in `src/utils.js` checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through `Object.prototype`. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to `addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite)` with both `deep: true` and `overwrite: true`. Source keys such as `hasOwnProperty`, `toString` and `valueOf` can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making `Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call` non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The `__proto__`/`constructor` guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- Poc
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Partial
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
Remediation
Upgrade i18next to version 26.3.4, which fixes this issue. Red Hat rates this Moderate. The sources list no fixed version for Cryostat 4, Migration Toolkit for Applications 8, Migration Toolkit for Virtualization, Network Observability Operator and OpenShift Lightspeed, and other products, and no fix planned for Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes and Node HealthCheck Operator.
Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-06
- Fix · CNA i18next (i18next) Fixed in 26.3.4
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Cryostat 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Migration Toolkit for Virtualization | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| Network Observability Operator | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Node HealthCheck Operator | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| OpenShift Lightspeed | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| OpenShift Service Mesh 3 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Build of Keycloak | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Ceph Storage 9 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Connectivity Link 1 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Data Grid 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Developer Hub 1 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Discovery 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Edge Manager 1 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat Hardened Images | Affected | No fix yet |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 5 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4 | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
| Secrets Management Console for Red Hat OpenShift | Affected | No fix planned: Out of support scope |
| Self-service automation portal 2 | Affected | No fix yet: Fix deferred |
Not affected: 1 product
- Red Hat Hardened Images
Timeline
- 2026-10-30 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-63402
- 2026-11-01 Priority changed: MEDIUM → LOW
- 2026-11-05 CISA SSVC decision points changed
- 2026-11-05 Priority changed: LOW → MEDIUM
- 2026-11-06 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
- 2026-11-06 CVSS score added · Red Hat
References
More i18next vulnerabilities
- TI-2026-82145 Query parameter injection in i18next-http-backend via lng or ns CVSS 3.1LOW 3.7
- TI-2026-68453 Incomplete URL validation in i18next-http-backend permits SSRF CVSS 3.1LOW 3.7
- TI-2026-35995 i18next-http-middleware missingKeyHandler does not reject keys whose segments contain prototype-polluting names CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
- TI-2026-35994 i18next-fs-backend: Prototype pollution via crafted missing-key string CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
- TI-2026-79749 Protocol-relative URL injection in i18next-http-backend CVSS 4.0LOW 2.3
- TI-2026-30208 i18next-http-backend has Path Traversal & URL Injection via Unsanitised lng/ns CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
Sources
- CVE-2026-63402 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-63402 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- CVE-2026-63402 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences